Vacuum Optics
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Vacuum Optics Standard Viewports Viewports for Optical Applications Special Viewports and Additional Components Optical Fiber Feedthroughs Singlemode Optical Fiber Feedthroughs Multimode Accessories for Optical Fiber Feedthroughs

Contents Introduction Standard Viewports Standard viewports with demountable O-ring seal Viewports with permanent joint Viewports for Optical Applications Viewports for UV-VIS-NIR, CF Viewports for UV-VIS-NIR, with anti-reflection coating Viewports for optical applications, KF Viewports for UV-VIS-NIR, CF Viewports for VIS-IR, CF Viewports for IR, CF Viewports for UV-VIS-NIR, CF Page Page Page Page Page Page Page High Precision Optic Series Special Viewports and Additional Components Viewports with conducting, transparent ITO coating Viewports with luminescent layer Borosilicate glass in...

Vacuum Optics Vacuum Optics – Applications and Requirements For a large number of applications it is necessary to transport electromagnetic waves such as light or laser radiation from atmosphere into vacuum or from vacuum into atmosphere. The range of possible applications covers simple tasks like viewing the inside of a vacuum chamber or illuminating such a chamber, as well as the defined coupling in and out of light for scientific or processing purposes. High requirements to optics have to be fulfilled for high-precision, nearly loss-free transmission of optical information. This large...

Vacuum Optics Basics Interactions between electromagnetic waves and optical material When an electromagnetic wave passes through an optical material such as glass, a large number of interactions take place (refraction, reflection, absorption, scattering). These interactions can change the radiation itself as well as the optical material. For typical applications in optics, transmission or alternatively decay in terms of damping are highly relevant. Both parameters describe the amount of the original intensity or power that remains after transmitting through the optical material. a) Figure 1...

Vacuum Optics Basics Beam transmission The wave with the intensity T1 or power T1 propagates in the optical material. Here, further decay in intensity T(d) or in power T(d) takes place, depending on the distance . This decay is due to absorption and can be described by an exponential decay -ad with absorption coefficient . Transmission and damping can be written for this process also: T(d)= T1 • In this case transmission is also called internal or material transmission, damping is also called intrinsic damping or intrinsic loss. In case of damping, it is common to divide by length to get a...

Vacuum Optics Materials for Vacuum Optics and Their Properties Transmission and quality of optical materials Absorption coefficient a, transmission T and reflection R all depend on the wavelength l used in the application. The wavelength and the spectral width of radiation therefore limit and define the material that can be used. For use as transmission optics, key features are low absorption meaning high material transmission. In figure 2, some optical materials and their transmission ranges used by VACOM for ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS) and infrared radiation are shown. Figure 2 –...

Vacuum Optics Materials for Vacuum Optics and Their Properties Anti-reflection coating of optical surfaces Transmissions 1 and 2 can be further raised, when anti-reflection (AR) coatings are applied to optical surfaces. These multilayer systems are based on optical interference. Designing and choosing the right layer system can significantly lower reflectance for one or some specific wavelengths (e.g. VAR for one, WAR for two wavelengths, from the form of the reflectance curves). Also optimization of reflectance for a broad range of wavelengths is possible (BBAR, broadband anti-reflection)....

Vacuum Optics Optical Fibers, Feedthroughs and Connectors The diameter of the fiber core determines if light of just one wavelength or a comparably short wavelength range is transmitted (singlemode fibers) or if light of a rather large wavelength range (multimode fibers) is transmitted. VACOM standard fibers and their respective operation wavelengths / wavelength ranges are shown in figure 5. Special fibers are available on request. Please do not hesitate to contact as for special solutions. Figure 5 – Standard fibers available at VACOM and their respective operations wavelengths /...

Standard Viewports Standard Viewports Applications of standard viewports made of borosilicate and fused silica are mainly monitoring and illumination tasks. Requirements to these viewports are primarily the flange type (CF, KF, ISO), desired pressure range and operation temperature. Viewports with removable O-ring seals are suitable for high vacuum applications and for temperatures up to 150 °C. For higher requirements in pressure or temperature, viewports are required in which glass and flange are permanently joined (e.g. by soldering). To prevent tensions that occur during heating,...

Standard Viewports Standard Viewports with Demountable O-ring Seal Borosilicate and fused silica (SiO2), KF/ISO demountable ISO-K Viewport (flange mounting) Technical data Description Connection type He leak rate Window material viewport with demountable O-ring seal (FKM) KF, ISO-K or ISO-F flange < 1.0E-9 mbar l/s borosilicate (Borofloat®33) or fused silica (Silux®) - KF, ISO-K: stainless steel 304 - ISO-F: aluminum, anodized FKM, O-ring ca. 400...2500 nm (Borofloat®33), ca. 300...2000 nm (Silux®) Max. 150 °C (with aluminum frame 120 °C) Flange material Frame material Transmission range...

Standard Viewports Standard Viewports with Demountable O-ring Seal ISO-K Viewport (wall mounting) ISO-F Viewport (wall mounting) Replacement windows Order code Replacement O-rings Order code

Standard Viewports Viewports with Permanent Joint Borosilicate glass, KF/ISO Technical data Description Connection type He leak rate Window material Flange material Frame material Transmission range Bakeout temperature Max. heating and cooling rate viewports with permanent flange-window-joint KF, ISO-K flange < 1.0E-9 mbar l/s borosilicate (Corning 7056) stainless steel 304 Kovar® ca. 400...2500 nm Max. 150 °C 3 K/min Borosilicate glass, KF/ISO The listed products and replacement parts are also available as clean room products (CRP). Please contact us for further information. Order code...