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Top Seiko's Material Guide

Top Seiko's Material Guide
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Top Seiko's Material Guide

Product catalog summary
Overview: This document serves as a comprehensive guide on various materials, focusing on their properties, applications, and chemical reactivity. It covers metals with high melting points, universal metals, and ceramics, detailing their thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties.
Metals with High Melting Points:
  • Tungsten (W): Known for its high melting point (3387ºC), thermal conductivity (172 W/(m·K)), and specific gravity (19.3). Commonly used in filaments, electrodes, and sputtering targets.
  • Molybdenum (Mo): Features a melting point of 2623ºC and thermal conductivity of 142 W/(m·K). Utilized in illumination parts and heaters.
  • Tantalum (Ta): With a melting point of 2990ºC, it is used in heat exchangers and semiconductor components.
  • Niobium (Nb): Melting point of 2415ºC, used as an additive in iron and steel, and in superconducting magnets.
Universal Metals:
  • Silver (Ag): High thermal and electrical conductivity, used in electric lines and audio cables.
  • Copper (Cu): Known for its electrical conductivity, used in wiring and coins.
  • Aluminum (Al): Lightweight with a melting point of 660ºC, used in cans and car parts.
  • Stainless Steel (SUS): Corrosion-resistant, used in kitchen equipment and machine parts.
Ceramics:
  • Alumina (Al2O3): High intensity and abrasion resistance, used in insulators and furnace parts.
  • Aluminum Nitride (AlN): High thermal conductivity, used in heat sinks and semiconductor devices.
  • Silicon Nitride (Si3N4): Thermal shock-resistant, used in engine parts and cutting tools.
  • Silicon Carbide (SiC): High solidity and heat conductivity, used in hot water parts and mechanical seals.
Chemical Reactivity: The document discusses the reactivity of these materials with chemicals like hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and caustic soda, highlighting their resistance or reaction under different conditions.
Conclusion: The guide provides essential data for selecting materials based on their properties and applications, emphasizing their suitability for high-temperature and high-intensity environments.
Thermal Conductivity and Expansion: The document compares the thermal conductivity and expansion rates of various materials. Ceramics like aluminum nitride and silicon carbide have high thermal conductivity, while zirconia has low conductivity. Tungsten and molybdenum also exhibit high conductivity. Ceramics, tungsten, and molybdenum have low thermal expansion rates, indicating minimal shape change with temperature variations.
Volume Resistance and Dielectric Constant: Volume resistance measures a material's resistance to electrical flow. Ceramics generally have high resistance, making them suitable as insulators. Some ceramics possess electro-conductive properties. The dielectric constant relates to the energy a material can emit, with ceramics often used as insulators due to their resistance to electricity.
Corrosion Resistance: Ceramics are noted for their excellent corrosion resistance, making them ideal for prosthetic limbs and other applications. Tungsten also effectively resists acid and alkali corrosion.
Piezoelectricity: Certain materials exhibit piezoelectricity, generating electric charge under stress. Piezoelectric ceramics, like lead zirconate titanate, are examples of such materials.
Material Properties and Conversion Charts: The document includes various charts detailing the thermal conductivity, specific heat, density, and volume resistance of materials. It also provides unit conversion charts for different measurements.
Hardness and Dielectric Strength: Hardness conversion tables are provided, comparing Rockwell, Brinell, and Vickers hardness scales. Dielectric strength and resistivity data for various ceramics, metals, and plastics are also included.
Maximum Use Temperature: The document lists maximum use temperatures for ceramics, metals, and plastics, indicating their suitability for different thermal environments.
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Catalog excerpts

Top Seiko's Material Guide-2

Metals with high melting point Tungsten (W) Atomic number: 74  Properties Melting point (ºC) Thermal conductivity (W/(m・K)) Thermal expansion coefficient (×10⁻⁶) Specific gravity Hardness (Hv) (GPa) Young's modulus (GPa) (the highest from all metals) (the lowest from all metals) (equal to gold) Application • Filaments for illumination, crucible; • Vacuum furnace for heaters as well as construction materials; • All kinds of electrodes for discharge lamps, electrical contacts; • Heat screen material, TIG welding electrodes; • Source components for semiconductor ions; • Sputtering targets; • Balance...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-3

Universal metal Silver (Ag) Atomic number: 47  Properties Melting point (ºC) Thermal conductivity (W/(m・K)) Thermal expansion coefficient (×10⁻⁶) Specific gravity Hardness (Hv) (GPa) Young's modulus (GPa) Application • Electric lines (low electric resistance); • Audio cables; • Wiring handling high frequency; • Tableware, jewels, dentist treatment; • Water purifiers (sterilization); Can be used as a compound metal ◇High heat conductivity, high electric conductivity Copper (Cu) Atomic number: 29  Properties Melting point (ºC) Thermal conductivity (W/(m・K)) Thermal expansion coefficient (×10⁻⁶)...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-4

Alumina (Aluminum oxide) Al2O 3  Properties Melting point (ºC) Thermal Shock Resistance (ºC) Thermal conductivity (W/(m・K)) Thermal expansion coefficient (×10⁻⁶) Specific gravity Hardness (Hv) (GPa) Application • Insulators, parts insulating electricity; • Furnace walls, furnace parts, jigs; • Nozzles, spinning tube; • Reaction crucible, reaction vessels; • Semiconductor-related parts; • Liquid crystal production parts; • Electron tube parts, pumps, grinding materials ◇High intensity, abrasion-resistant, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant Aluminum nitride AlN  Properties Melting point (ºC) Thermal...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-5

Zirconia (Zirconium dioxide) ZrO2  Properties Melting point (ºC) Thermal Shock Resistance (ºC) Thermal conductivity (W/(m・K)) Thermal expansion coefficient (×10⁻⁶) Specific gravity Hardness (Hv) (GPa) Application • Industrial purposes cutlery; • Scissors, kitchen knife; • Gauges: pin gauge, block gauge, wrecking ball; • Various wear resistant parts ◇High tenacity, high intensity, abrasion-resistant Boron nitride BN  Properties Melting point (ºC) Thermal Shock Resistance (ºC) Thermal conductivity (W/(m・K)) Thermal expansion coefficient (×10⁻⁶) Specific gravity Hardness (Hv) (GPa) Application •...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-6

Metal Material Properties Table 1 ※Published data is for reference only Metals with high melting point Material symbol Component amount [%] Alloy (Mo-Cu) Heavy alloy Heavy metal (W-) FeNiCo (sintered) Sealing alloy (Kovar) Sealing alloy (Kovar) Density Hardness 1.30(1 type-HB) 1.60(2 type-HB) 2.00(3 type-HB) 2.30(4 type-HB) Yield strength Machining properties Flexural rigidity Young's modulus Poisson's ratio Boiling point Thermal properties Linear expansion coefficient For sealing hard glass Electronic components For sealing hard glass Electronic components Electrical Electric conductivity characteristic...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-7

Metal Material Properties Table 2 ※Published data is for reference only Universal metals Material symbol Component amount [%] Stainless steel Density Hardness Tensile strength Machining properties Yield strength Flexural rigidity Young's modulus Poisson's ratio Recrystallization temperature Melting point Boiling point Linear expansion coefficient Thermal properties Thermal conductivity Specific heat Electrical Electric conductivity characteristic 20℃ Volume resistivity s Magnetic characteristic s [J/(kg・K)] [%I.A.C.S] [μΩ・cm] hydrochloric acid hydrochloric acid sulfuric acid Loss Loss Loss sulfuric...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-8

Ceramic Material Properties Table 1 Fine ceramics Main component amount [%] Silicon nitride Other component or binder Color General properties Aluminum nitride Silicon carbide Boron carbide SiC: Boron nitride Light yellow Milky white Dark grey Grey beige Water absorption Compressive strength Fracture toughness Young's modulus Poisson's ratio Flexural rigidity Machining properties Oxidizing atmosphere Thermal conductivity Thermal properties Thermal expansion coefficient Non‐oxidizing atmosphere Specific heat Dielectric strength Volume resistivity Electrical characteristics Dielectric constant...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-9

Ceramic Material Properties Table 2 ※Published data is for reference only Main component amount [%] Fluorine phlogopite: Fluorine phlogopite: Other component or binder General properties Other materials Machinable ceramics Glass (fused quartz) Dark grey Compressive strength Fracture toughness Poisson's ratio Oxidizing atmosphere Non‐oxidizing atmosphere Young's modulus Thermal expansion coefficient Thermal properties Thermal conductivity 522(strain point) 562(transition point) 568(annealing point) Dielectric strength Dielectric constant Volume resistivity Specific heat Electrical characteristics...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-10

Ceramic Material Properties Table 3 ※Published data is for reference only Ceramic compound material(MMC) Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide Silicon carbide based based based based based based based based based based Main component amount [%] Other component or binder Color Density Water absorption General properties Machining properties Compressive strength Fracture toughness Young's modulus Poisson's ratio Specific heat Thermal conductivity Thermal properties Thermal expansion coefficient...

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Top Seiko's Material Guide-11

Ceramic Material Properties Table 4 ※Published data is for reference only Ceramic compound material(MMC) Boron nitride based Other component or binder Color Boron nitride based Boron nitride based Boron nitride based Boron nitride based Boron nitride based Boron nitride based Boron nitride based Water absorption Light grey Flexural rigidity Machining properties Boron nitride based Main component amount [%] General properties Boron nitride based Compressive strength Poisson's ratio Young's modulus Fracture toughness Thermal expansion coefficient Oxidizing atmosphere Non‐oxidizing atmosphere Thermal...

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