Group: Waters Corporation
Catalog excerpts
New Castle, DE USA Lindon, UT USA Hüllhorst, Germany Shanghai, China Beijing, China Tokyo, Japan Seoul, South Korea Taipei, Taiwan Bangalore, India Sydney, Australia Guangzhou, China Hong Kong Eschborn, Germany Wetzlar, Germany Brussels, Belgium Etten-Leur, Netherlands Paris, France Elstree, United Kingdom Barcelona, Spain Milano, Italy Warsaw, Poland Prague, Czech Republic Sollentuna, Sweden Helsinki, Finland Copenhagen, Denmark Chicago, IL USA São Paulo, Brazil Mexico City, Mexico Montreal, Canada
Open the catalog to page 2ARES-G2 Rheometer The ARES-G2 is the most advanced rotational rheometer for research and material development. It remains the only commercially available rheometer with a dedicated actuator for deformation control, Torque Rebalance Transducer (TRT), and Force Rebalance Transducer (FRT) for independent shear stress and normal stress measurements. It is recognized by the rheological community as the industry standard to which all other rheometer measurements are compared for accuracy. The ARES-G2 platform offers an array of incomparable features including: • Unrivaled data accuracy •...
Open the catalog to page 3rheology and rheometry THEORY Rheology is the study of flow and deformation of materials. Deformation and flow are referred to as strain or strain rate, respectively, and indicate the distance over which a body moves under the influence of an external force, or stress. For this reason, rheology is also considered to be the study of stress-strain relationships in materials. A rheometer is a precision instrument that contains the material of interest in a geometric configuration, controls the environment around it, and applies and measures wide ranges of stress, strain, and strain rate....
Open the catalog to page 4THE BENEFITS OF RHEOLOGY Most industrially relevant materials exhibit complex rheological behavior.These properties determine a material’s processability and end-use performance. This means that rheological measurements are critical to a wide range of industries including aerospace, asphalt, automotive, ceramics, elastomers, electronics, food, personal care, biomedical, paints and coatings, inks, petroleum products, pharmaceuticals, and more. A rheometer can be used to measure and understand how rheological properties influence every stage of industrial production. Formulation: Measure and...
Open the catalog to page 5The ARES-G2 provides independent measurements of stress and strain An accurate mechanical measurement is based on the fundamental assumption of a controlled variable (stimulation) and a measured variable (response). The separation of these key experimental quantities guarantees the greatest accuracy. Moreover, the analytical components dedicated to each task should be optimized to their assigned role. In the case of a modulus measurement, the application of strain and the measurement of stress should be separated, or in the case of a viscosity measurement, the application of strain rate and...
Open the catalog to page 6Normal Force Rebalance Transducer (FRT) Unmatched normal force measurements are achieved with the ARES-G2 Force Rebalance Transducer (FRT). It consists of an axial servo control system that utilizes position feedback to maintain the FRT shaft in a null position. It delivers the most accurate and fastest transient normal force measurements with unmatched transducer stiffness. Stress = Viscosity Strain Rate Torque Rebalance Transducer (TRT) The current required to maintain the transducer shaft at null deflection enables direct measurements of sample torque using the ARES-G2 Torque Rebalance...
Open the catalog to page 7Active Temperature Control (ATC) The ARES-G2 incorporates patented non-contact temperature sensor technology for active measurement and control of both the upper and lower plate temperature (Patent # 6,931,915). Platinum Resistance Thermometers (PRTs) are directly connected in the motor and transducer shafts. These PRTs are positioned in intimate contact with the center of the lower and upper measurement surfaces. The temperature signal is transmitted to Printed Circuit boards, from which the temperature reading is transmitted through a noncontact (wireless) mechanism to secondary boards in...
Open the catalog to page 8Touch-Screen and Keypad This graphical interface adds a new dimension in ease-of-use. Interactive activities such as geometry zeroing, sample loading, and setting temperature can be performed at the test station. Important instrument status and test information such as temperature, gap, force and motor position are displayed. The touch-screen also provides easy access to instrument settings and diagnostic reporting. A keypad at the base of the instrument allows for easy positioning of the measurement head. Frame, Vertical Movement and Alignment The ARES-G2 frame and vertical movement...
Open the catalog to page 9forced convection oven ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM
Open the catalog to page 10Forced Convection Oven (FCO) The FCO is a gas convection oven, designed for optimum temperature stability, extremely rapid heating and cooling, and ease-ofuse over the temperature range of -150 °C to 600 °C. This powerful heating mechanism can heat at controlled rates up to 60 °C/min. An available liquid nitrogen cooling system is employed to achieve rapid, uniform and efficient cooling to temperatures as low as -150 ˚C. A mechanical chiller system can also be used to cool as low as -80 ˚C without the need for liquid nitrogen. The FCO is used primarily for testing polymer melts,...
Open the catalog to page 11forced convection oven SAMPLE GEOMETRIES Parallel Plates and Cone and Plates FCO plate geometries are available in 8, 25, 40 and 50 mm diameters and a range of materials of construction such as stainless steel or titanium. Upper cone geometries are readily available in 0.02, 0.04, and 0.1 radian cone angles. By changing the diameter and cone angle, the measurement range of stress and strain or shear rate can be varied to capture the widest range of test conditions. For curing systems, disposable plates and cones are available in 8, 25, 40, and 50 mm diameters. Low viscosity thermoset resins...
Open the catalog to page 12SER2 Universal Testing Platform The SER2 Universal Testing Platform is used to perform extensional viscosity measurements and a range of additional material tests. Samples are secured to the surfaces of two windup drums which counter-rotate at equal speeds thanks to a system of intermeshing gears. At a constant drum rotation speed, a constant Hencky strain rate is applied to the sample. The sample stress that resists this deformation is measured by the torque transducer, allowing for the measurement of extensional viscosity. The frame of reference of the SER2 is fixed, making it well-suited...
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