1296
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ε δ . In materialsresearch, the capacitance effect is known as the permittivity (or dielectric constant) > Defining Dielectrics Many materials have the properties oflow conductance (high impedance) and low loss. They are often referred to as dielectrics, although many materials not normally considered as dielectrics exhibit these properties.One popular technique for analyzingsuch materials is Impedance Spectroscopy - measuring the electrical impedance over a range of frequencies. The impedance is related to the conductivity and capacitance of the material, and these parameters can in turn be related to the molecular activity of the material.When an alternating voltage is appliedto a dielectric sample, some energy is stored by the capacitance, and some is dissipated by the resistance effects. The resulting current in the sample will exhibit a phase lag, Ω (10 > Cryostat System covering 77K to500K, complete with solid and liquid sample holder for testing polymers, rubber, pharmaceuticals etc.ՕFurnace system covering 400-1000C, complete with sample holder for testing ceramics, composites, glasses etc.ڕRoom temperature sample holder forsolids and liquids The 1296 Dielectric Interfaceovercomes these limitations to give you fast, accurate and repeatable impedance measurements over 12 decades of frequency, yielding valuable insights into the characteristics of a wide range of materials, including polymers, rubber, wood, adhesives, electronic components, waxes and oils, etc. Coupled with easy-to-use software, a 1296-based system takes care of experimental technique and lets you concentrate on interpreting the results.1296 enhances the capabilities ofSolartron Analyticals renowned 1260 and 1255 FRAs to cope with ultra-low current and capacitance levels experienced in testing dielectric materials, enabling:-ҕImpedance measurements to exceed100T Analyzing low conductivity, low lossmaterials stretches the capabilities of even the best frequency response analyzers (FRAs). Used alone, they lack the sensitivity required for accurate measurements, especially at low frequencies. In materials where ε > is very small and Ԏ > Ւ large, the resolution of tan δ becomescritical if an accurate measurement is to be made. The 1296 overcomes this by taking a reference measurement on a precision capacitor which is automatically substituted for the sample; a second measurement is made, this time on the sample itself. The two results are used to derive a very accurate estimate of the permittivity of the material - in effect, the first measurement is used to eliminate the effects of extraneous capacitance. > , and the resistive effect asdielectric loss, Ҏ > Ք . Tan δ , thedissipation factor equals ε > / Ԏ > Ւ . > 14 Ω )Accurate tan delta measurementsdown to <10 > -4 ՕFrequency range from 10Hz up to10MHzՕac signal and dc bias voltages up to1000V (with external psu or amplifier)revealing essential data in areas previously inaccessible.Highly accurate reference capacitorsare built in to 1296, or you can choose to use an external reference, offering unrivalled flexibility to meet almost every measurement need. Support for temperature and dc controllers is integral to the measurement software, further increasing the scope for materials analysis. >

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