Derek Song

Agenda Introduction to Siglent’s AWG Products Technical Introduction of Waveform Generator Siglent’s Unique Technologies on AWG

Introduction to Siglent’s AWG Products

Up to 50MHz Output Frequency 125MSa/S Sampling Rate 14-bit Vertical Resolution 16kpts Wave Length 2-CH

Up to 160MHz Output Frequency 500MSa/S Sampling Rate 14-bit Vertical Resolution 512kpts for CH2 and 16kpts for CH1 Wave Length 2-CH EasyPulse Technology

Up to 30MHz Output Frequency 125MSa/S Sampling Rate 14-bit Vertical Resolution 16kpts Wave Length 1-CH EasyPulse Technology

Up to 80MHz Output Frequency 300MSa/S Sampling Rate 16-bit Vertical Resolution Up to 8Mpts Wave Length 2-CH TrueArb Technology Touch Screen

EasyWave • 9 standard waveforms • Multiple drawing ways • Edit multiple waveforms at the same time • Powerful waveform processing functions • Import waveform from Siglent oscilloscope directly • Import waveform file with ASCII CSV format

Technical Introduction of Waveform Generator •Applications •Classification •Specifications and Functions

Applications • As the excitation source – Circuit verification – Circuit parameter test – Circuit redundancy test

Circuit Verification - Example (1) • Example 1: Generate a clock signal as a circuit clock source, in the design of digital circuit, and the absence of the system clock, for example, to produce 10 MHz clock signal. • Example 2: Produce a pulse signal with small duty cycle, applied to: - Industrial control signals - Laser pulse signal • Example 3: produce the clock and data signals used for interface testing, bus simulation. - Serial communication

Circuit Verification - Example (2) • Example 4: produce signals with a phase difference – Power system simulation – Phase discriminator • Example 5: in the switching power supply design, need to produce a pulse with a specific duty cycle as a gate control signal • Example 6: in the design of brainwave detector, need to produce characteristic brainwave signals of all sorts of diseases

Circuit Parameter Test - Example • Example 7: Measuring frequency response of an amplifier or a filter • Example 8: Measuring the threshold of a semiconductor device – Need to measure its comparison level threshold accurately • Example 9: Measuring instrument

Circuit Redundancy Test - Example • Example 10: In order to verify the reliability of products, superposition in the normal signal – Noise – Glitch – Abnormal

Classification of Waveform Generators RF Signal Generator Function Generator Mixed-Signal Generators ( Output analog waveforms and/or digital patterns) Waveform Generators (Output only several standard waveforms such as sine wave or a square wave) Arbitrary Waveform Generator (standard waveforms and output according to the individual user preferences defined) Pulse Signal Generator (Driving Logic Signal Generators (Output digital patterns) less number of square wave or pulse output) Pattern Generator (Generate digital pattern of many channels)

• DDS generates the waveform by looking up the pre-loaded 2N data in memory. • The reference clock is fixed (fref). The address interval of looking up the memory (Tuning word, “M” in the formule) determines frequency of output (fout).

Specifications – Sampling Rate – Conversion rate of the DAC, determined by frequency of DAC’s sampling clock, fref – Maximum available output frequency = (Sampling Rate)/2

Specifications – Vertical Resolution • The minimum voltage step that the signal generator can program • Determined by binary word width of the DAC 8 bit : Step = 1/256 of full scale 14bit : Step = 1/4096 of full scale • Higher vertical noise, lower quantizing noise SQR = 6.02b + 1.76dB

Specifications – Wave Length – Number of samples of waveform, determined by length of the look-up table of DDS – Deeper length, more detail – Important for arbitrary waveform

Specifications -- Frequency Resolution – The frequency step, determined by sampling rate and length of the frequency tuning word, N f 1 N f ref 2

Specifications -- Frequency Range – The frequency range of sine wave – Lower limit determined by the frequency resolution – Upper limit determined by sampling rate and bandwidth of the analog channel

Specifications – Frequency Accuracy – The deviation between the displayed value and the true value, usually expressed with the relative error, 1ppm = 1/1,000,000 – Determined by frequency accuracy of the time base oscillator • Generic crystal: ±(25 ~ 100) ppm • TCXO: ±(0.1 ~ 10) ppm • OCXO: ±(0.001 ~ 1) ppm

Function – AM • Amplitude modulation(AM) – the amplitude of the carrier signal is varied in accordance to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal, usually used in radio communication. Amplitude Modulation • Double-sideband amplitude modulation (DSB-AM) – Modulation method is similar to the AM, but there is a 180-degree phase reversal in waveform joint, usually used in radio communication. Double Side Band Amplitude Modulation

Function – FM/PM • Frequency modulation (FM) – the frequency of the carrier signal is varied in accordance to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal, usually used in radio communication. • Phase modulation (PM) – the phase shift of the carrier signal is varied in accordance to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal , usually used in radio communication. Phase Modulation Frequency Modulation

Function – ASK/FSK • Amplitude-shift keying(ASK) – a digital modulation, in which the digital modulating signal causes switch of the output frequency between two amplitudes. Amplitude Shift Keying • Frequency-shift keying(FSK) – a digital modulation, in which carrier wave switches between two frequencies. Frequency Shift Keying