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Save your constructions! Earthquake protection by RINGFEDER®

Christchurch is at the focal point Auckland The February 2011 Christchurch earthquake was a powerful natural event that severely damaged New Zealand‘s secondlargest city. The earthquake caused widespread damage across Christchurch, especially in the central city and eastern suburbs, with damage exacerbated by buildings and infrastructure already being weakened by 4 September 2010 earthquake and its aftershocks. More than 70% of central building district buildings were severely damaged 124 kms of water mains and 300 km of sewer pipes damaged 500,000 tonnes of liquefaction silt removed...

A RINGFEDER® Friction Spring consists of outer and inner rings with conical contact surfaces. The figure below shows a cross section through a spring. When the spring column is axially loaded the tapered surfaces overlap causing the outer rings to expand and the inner rings get smaller in diameter. 2/3 of the introduced energy will be absorbed due to friction between the tapered surfaces of the mating rings. Diagram 2: When the Friction Spring receives the impact force, it compresses 21 mm and absorbs 6000 Joule (=66%) from which 4000 Joule are converted to heat. After the compression, the...

2. Damping – Using our standard RINGFEDER® F-S1 grease, our friction springs will damp 2/3 of the introduced energy. If you need less damping, we can easily design a customized solution that is tailored to your needs to achieve a reduced damping of about 1/3 of the introduced energy. This is a simple solution that can change the properties of the friction spring. In certain seismic designs you may require the friction spring to have a higher force when the spring is unloaded to help to push the building structure back to its vertical position. So the essence from all these advantages is: If...

The beam is connected to the column through the top flange plate which acts as the point of rotation. AFCs are installed in the bottom flange and web bolt groups. The properties of the joint can be altered by varying the percentage of moment capacity contributed by the ring springs. The joints can thus be categorized into the standard SHJ, where moment capacity is developed only by AFCs, the friction spring joint (RSJ) where the moment capacity is developed only by ring springs and the SCSHJ where the moment capacity is a combination of AFC and ring springs. The SCSHJ was studied and...

The friction spring damper is integrated in the SAP2000® software for the structural analysis and design of buildings, created by “Computers and Structures, Inc. (CSI)”. The company which has been founded in 1975 and is based in California, U.S.A. has created, amongst others, the structural analysis and design software ETABS®. It has been used to create the mathematical model of the Burj Khalifa, currently the world tallest building (gravity, wind and seismic response were all characterized using ETABS®) inr egsaifo Solution fon ilKJjCiURAL ANALVSli !; DESIGN Click on OK and you will reach...

Attached Diagram with input values: Effective Stiffness = Input Spring Slope during the Loading Cycle (spring rate). Effective Damping = Input Damping = 66 for standard F-S1 grease. Initial (Nonslipping) Stiffness = Input Spring Slope during the Loading Cycle (spring rate). Slipping Stiffness (Loading) = Input Spring Slope During the loading Cycle. Protection of electrical switchgears After an earthquake it is not only important that the buildings are still usable. It is also essential that the electric power supply is ensured, so that at least the most important public institutions like...

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