DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT Permeability Plugging Apparatus Model PPT-18984 Instruction Manual (Zhejiang, CHINA) …Quality is Everything... Telephone: 86-579-87537698, 86-13819904200 Fax: 86-579-8753 696 Rev.B Website: http://www.rigchina.com, Email: [email protected] MSN:[email protected] Address: No.80-82, Qiude Road, West Cheng Industrial Estate, Yongkang city Zhejiang Province, China

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT 1. Introduction The Permeability Plugging Apparatus (PPA) is a high pressure, high temperature instrument designed to simulate downhole static filtration. The PPA operates at temperatures and pressures that represent well conditions, and the filtration medium is positioned above the sample fluid. The PPA is very useful in predicting how a drilling fluid can form a low permeable filter cake to seal off depleted, under pressured intervals and help prevent differential sticking. Typical differential pressures are much higher than those seen in standard HTHP testing....

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT 1. Disconnecting the hose from the cell at quick connector 2. Attempting to remove the cell from the heating jacket. 3. Reallocating or moving the Permeability Plugging 4. Refilling the oil reservoir with hydraulic fluid and Performing any maintenance including tightening leaking fittings on the pump or cell assembly 3.2. Backpressure Receiver 1. Always use either nitrogen or carbon dioxide to pressurize the backpressure receiver. Never use compressed air, oxygen or other gases. 2. Nitrogen must be supplied in an approved nitrogen gas cylinder or laboratory supply...

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT Figure 1 Permeability Plugging Apparatus Assembly 1. Before starting a test, close all valves and ensure that all regulators are rotated fully counter-clockwise. 2. Open the cell and check all of the O-rings. Replace any that appear worn or damaged. New O-rings are normally required after each test above 300° (149° F C). 3. Soak the ceramic discs before running a filtration test. The Weight of ceramic discs after Soaking

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT Soak the discs 5 minutes Soak the discs 10 minutes Soak the discs 15 minutes Soak the discs 20 minutes 4. Apply a thin coat of silicone grease around the O-rings used on the piston, valve stems, and the cell caps. 5. Find the shorter, screened cell cap and place it into the test cell body. Make sure the arrow on the cell cap lines up with the arrow on the test cell body. 6. Place a locking screw into each of the holes around the top of the test cell body and tighten them with the provided Allen wrench 7. Screw the inlet valve stem (with the Quick-Connect fitting)...

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT 9. Screw the T-handle into the piston and place it inside the cell, working it up and down to ensure free movement. Position the piston with the Handle so that it comes into contact with the inlet cell cap. 10. Open the inlet valve. Turn the pressure release knob on the hydraulic pump to close the pressure release valve. Stroke the hydraulic pump 6 to 8 times of hydraulic fluid volume into the cell inlet. Close the inlet valve. 11. Prepare the test fluid according to API Specifications. 12. Add approximately 320 mL of test fluid to the cell. Be careful not to...

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT 18. Attach the CO2 pressure assembly to the valve stem on top of the back pressure receiver 19. Turn the T-handle on the air regulator counter-clockwise until approximately 6 threads are exposed. Puncture the CO2 bulb and apply the appropriate amount of back pressure to the receiver for the desired test temperature. 20. While the cell is heating up to the desired temperature, open the inlet valve and apply the amount of pressure indicated in the “Recommended Minimum Back Pressure” Table 1. Recommended Minimum Back Pressure Test Temperature Vapor Pressure Minimum...

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT pressure. The heating time of the sample should never exceed one hour. When working with heated pressurized vessels, always wear protective safety glasses. Excessive pressure puts stress on four main areas of the cell: 1. End cap bending - may be observed either by eye or by measurement 2. End cap compression - may be observed by the ovalness on the locking screw seats or holes 3. Cylinder shear - elevated areas above the locking screw holes or damaged locking screw holes on the cell body 4. Cylinder stress - stress cracking or severe pitting will appear on the...

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT opening the drain valve on the receiver and drawing off some of the filtrate into the graduated cylinder. The filtrate will be at or near the test temperature and slowly opening the drain valve will minimize any spattering of the fluid and any potential contact with hands and fingers. Bleed only enough to reduce the back pressure to its initial setting. 6. After the 30 minute time period. Open the receiver drain valve and allow it to blow dry to remove any filtrate and/or mud from the receiver. Record the total amount of liquid recovered, including the spurt loss....

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT bit, wire, or straightened paper clip, into the valve stem. Make sure the opening is pointed away from people and equipment when inserting the wire. Recover the ceramic disk and very lightly wash the filter cake with the type of base fluid used in the mud (fresh water, brine, diesel, synthetic, etc.) Measure the filter cake to the nearest 0.0198" (0.5 mm). If the ceramic disk does not readily come out of the cell with the flow of fluid: a. Lay the cell on its side and over a sink. b. Install the hydraulic connector onto the inlet valve stem and open the stem....

DRILLNG FLUID TESTING INSTRUMENT Figure 4 Permeability Plugging Testing Calculation 8. References • API Recommended Practice for Field Testing Water Based Drilling Fluids, API RP 13B-1/ISO 10414-1 • API Recommended Practice for Field Testing Oil Based Drilling Fluids, API RP 13B-2 Table 2. Old Air Data Previous Designation