Material Selection Guide
77Pages

FRP Material Selection Guide An Engineer’s Guide to FRP Technology Reichhold, Inc P. O. Box 13582 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3582 Customer Service: (800) 448-3482 Corrosion Hotline: (800) 752-0060 http://www.Reichhold.com/corrosion Email: corrosion@reichhold.com Copyright© Reichhold, Inc, 2009

FRP Material Selection Guide An Engineer’s Guide to FRP Technology Reichhold’s FRP Technology Guides Series, of which The FRP Materials Selection Guide is a part, is intended to give practicing engineers an understanding of composites technology in order that they may be able to effectively incorporate FRP, polymer concrete, and other polymer materials in their designs. Reichhold, Inc 2400 Ellis Road Durham, NC 27703 Tel :(800)448-3482

Industrial Applications of FRP Process Equipment 6 Industrial Process Equipment 6 Industrial Process Environments 9 Plating Solutions, Pickling Liquors and Anodizing Solutions 22 Gasoline and Alcohol Containing Fuels 25 Fuel Oil, Middle Distillates and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons 28 Beer, Wine and Other 33 High Energy Radiation 38 Electrical Considerations / Static Electricity 39 Why Use Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP)? 40 Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Technology 49 Resin Casting Performance 51 Resin Performance at Elevated Temperatures 51 Fiberglass Cloth and Woven Roving 54 Random Chopped...

Other Molding Processes 58 Significance of Molding Technique 58 Catalysts and Cure Systems 58 Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP) 59 Promoters, Inhibitors and Accelerators 61 Thixotropes, Antimony Oxides and Other Additives 63 General Resin Capabilities 67 Selecting a Resin for the Corrosion Barrier 68 Selecting a Resin for the Structural Wall 69 Vinyl Ester Group 71 Epoxy Novolac Vinyl Ester Group 72 Rubber Modified Vinyl Ester Group 72 Bisphenol Fumarate Group 73 Flame Retardant Group 74

Introduction An Engineer’s Guide to FRP Technology One of the great advances of the Twentieth Century in Materials Technology was the advent of unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resins and their use in engineered composites. These versatile polymer materials immediately found acceptance in aerospace, construction, transportation, the infrastructure, and industrial process equipment, where their unique properties brought value and new solutions to the practicing engineer. Because of its superb corrosion resistant properties, composite fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) has displaced other...

FRP Technology Guide Series In addition to the Materials Selection Guide for Fiber Reinforced Plastics, Reichhold has also published the following FRP Technology Guides DION® Application Guide Quality Assurance and Preventive Maintenance Inspection Guide for Fiber Reinforced Plastics DION® Corrosion Guide DION CIPP® – Cured-in-Place Pipe Resin Systems Guide These Guides are available free of charge from Reichhold, Inc. To receive copies, call the Reichhold Corrosion Hotline at 1-800-752-0060, email corrosion@reichhold.com, or visit www.reichhold.com/corrosion. Industrial Applications of FRP...

Underground Fuel Storage Tanks The same advantages of FRP for chemical storage tanks apply to underground fuel storage tanks with the corrosion resistance of FRP taking particular prominence. Highly cross-linked terephthalic resins are particularly successful in containing gasoline and gasoline blends and resisting the corrosion that results from water condensation inside the tank and corrosion from ground water on the exterior of the tank. Secondary containment systems are easily incorporated into the fabrication of FRP tank shells. Pickling and Plating Tanks Among the best applications...

Chimney Stacks and Stack Liners As the demand for electrical generation capacity increases, new coal and natural gas-fired generating plants come on line, flue gas desulfurization systems will be needed to scrub NOx and SOx gases. Large diameter FRP stack liners and transport ducting for power generation stations are already a proven technology for this growing application. Fans, Blowers, and Hoods FRP impellers and fan housings are used in municipal waste water treatment plants. Hoods are used to capture chlorine dioxide fumes coming off pulp washers in bleach plants. And FRP pump housings...

the corrosive attack and extends the service life of the structure by a significant time. Cooling Tower Elements The moisture and oxygen rich environment of cooling towers creates a corrosion-prone environment for louvers, structural elements, distributors, sumps, and piping. FRP has long been used in these applications to extend the life of the cooling towers. Similarly, large diameter steel cooling water intake and discharge piping systems are often clogged by zebra shells. The use of FRP piping decreases, and in some instances, eliminates this severe maintenance problem. Highway Bridge...

from metal-reducing bacteria which may be present in various industrial, soil, or marine environments. If the FRP is intended for applications involving neutralization with caustic or other bases it is advisable to use either a bis-A polyester or a vinyl ester, since a poorly controlled process can often result in very alkaline conditions. The same would apply to cases where caustic or other bases might be used for neutralization as part of periodic maintenance or cleaning. If acids are to be diluted, careful recognition should be given to the heat of dilution. Safe and accepted practices...

frequently. Inexpensive grades of HCl or muriatic acid are often produced as by-products, and at times may contain chlorinated hydrocarbons. Although HCl solutions are relatively dense, these hydrocarbons can be denser and at the same time display very low solubility. There have been cases where they may separate and accumulate at the bottom. Since many chlorinated hydrocarbons can attack FRP, care should always be taken in consideration of impurities. Nitric and Chromic Acids Concentrated nitric acid and chromic acid are strongly oxidizing acids commonly encountered in metal plating,...