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Base Station Solutions
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rakon The evolution of mobile phones as Smart Wireless Devices and the explosion of devices such as tablets have created a capacity challenge for mobile networks, starting from the Base Station to the Mobile Backhaul. New initiatives such as Small Cells reduce the pressure of capacity crunch and coverage limitations, but the importance of Macro Base Stations remains high. With the transition to packet-based backhaul mechanisms, the synchronisation implementations of the Macro Base Stations have become extremely challenging. Rakon offers a unique range of OCXOs ideal for Base Station application requirements. Synchronisation Challenges The challenges in Macro Base Station Synchronisation are many. GPS or other GNSS methods are currently the primary source of network timing, but there is increasing risk of loss of synchronisation because of signal loss (urban canyons or weather conditions for example) or jamming in various situations. Secondly, circuit switch networks are transitioning to packet switched networks allowing Base Stations to use Synchronous Ethernet and packet-based synchronisation techniques. Unlike traditional synchronisation techniques, packet-based solutions transfer frequency and time, complementing the GNSS based synchronisation solutions. In most base station synchronisation implementations, GNSS is used as the primary reference source. When GNSS signals fail, the system may switch to packet-based network synchronisation, which in turn may be supported by SyncE or traditional synchronisation. When all synchronisation sources fail, systems fall back to local clock source to provide holdover. Depending on the system requirements, clock source need certain stability to achieve target holdover specifications. Supported Stability Level < ±0.5 ppb/day 1.5 (s /1 hour < ±0.5 ppb/day 1.5 (s /2 hours 10 to 40 MHz 0.5 ppb pk-pk < ±0.2 ppb/day < 8 (s/day ROX5252T1 10 to 20 MHz 0.05 ppb pk-pk < ±0.1 ppb/day < 8 (s/1 to 3 days Stratum 2 New Zealand (HQ) Auckland | India Bangalore | Singapore Singapore City | China Shenzhen & Shanghai | Taiwan Taipei City | South Korea Seoul | United States Silicon Valley, Chicago & Atlanta | United Kingdom Harlow (London) | France Argenteuil (Paris), Mougins | Germany Frankfurt www.rakon.com

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Base Station Solutions Rakon Oscillators for Base Station Timing Applications Two main aspects of oscillators are considered for Base Station synchronisation designs. The holdover requirement is one of the primary objectives. Holdover time for Base Stations is required by the Service Operator so that the system remains operational for a specified time limit after the network synchronisation sources fail. Depending on the air interface requirements, constraints may be placed on frequency only, or frequency and phase to achieve certain holdover time periods. In a synchronisation design, the...

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Base Station Solutions 2Pages

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Base Station Solutions
2Pages