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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook

Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook
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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook

Product catalog summary
Battery Features and Construction
Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) and Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries are versatile, with capacities ranging from 110 to 8000 mA. They are known for their performance, durability, and safety features, including a self-sealing safety vent and a broad operating temperature range.
Standard Range and Specifications
The document details various models of NiCd and NiMH batteries, including their size, voltage, capacity, and charging specifications. NiCd batteries come in standard, high temperature, and high capacity rapid charge variants, while NiMH batteries are available in cylindrical and button cell forms.
Charging and Discharging Characteristics
NiCd batteries can endure 500-1000 charge/discharge cycles, while NiMH batteries offer high energy density and voltage stability. Charging methods include constant current slow charge, time-controlled fast charge, and trickle charge.
Cell Assemblies
Batteries can be assembled into packs to meet specific electrical and dimensional requirements, considering cell size, voltage, configuration, operating temperatures, and packaging methods.
Important Do’s and Don’ts
To maximize battery life and ensure safety, follow guidelines for handling, installation, and charging. Charge batteries within 32°F to 122°F (0°C to 50°C) and avoid mixing different capacities, ages, or chemistries.
Recycling and Environmental Considerations
Proper recycling is crucial to minimize environmental impact. Users should adhere to local regulations for battery disposal.
Differences Between NiCd and NiMH Batteries
NiCd batteries are rugged with a long shelf life, while NiMH batteries offer higher energy density and are more environmentally friendly due to the absence of cadmium.
Charge Efficiency and Temperature
Optimal charge efficiency is between 50°F to 86°F (10°C to 30°C). Below 32°F (0°C), gas absorption is inefficient, risking leakage and performance issues. Above 104°F (40°C), efficiency drops, causing leakage.
Reverse Charging
Reversed polarities can cause cell polarity reversal, increasing gas pressure, leakage, and battery damage.
Overcharging
Avoid overcharging as it deteriorates battery performance.
Quick and Trickle Charging
Follow specific guidelines for rapid and trickle charging as per specification sheets.
Discharging
Discharge within specified temperature ranges: NiCd (-4°F to 149°F) and NiMH (14°F to 122°F). Over-discharging damages performance.
Storage
Store batteries in dry, low humidity environments. Long-term storage should be between 50°F to 86°F (10°C to 30°C). Repeated charge-discharge cycles may be needed to restore capacity after long-term storage.
Cycle and Service Life
Reduced discharge time indicates exceeded battery life. Proper conditions can extend service life to 3-5 years.
Assembly and Design Considerations
Avoid direct soldering to batteries. Use nickel or nickel-plated steel tabs for connections. Use alkaline-resistant materials for terminals.
Safety Considerations
Familiarize with MSDS. Avoid disassembly, short-circuiting, and improper disposal. Use appropriate chargers and avoid sealed containers.
Recycling
NiCd batteries are harmful to the environment and should be recycled. NiMH batteries are more eco-friendly but recycling is recommended.
Differences Between NiCd and NiMH Batteries
NiCd batteries are less expensive but environmentally harmful. NiMH batteries offer greater charge capacity and are more eco-friendly. NiCd batteries have a wider discharge temperature range and longer service life.
Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Chargers
PSN-Series chargers are electronically-regulated with a timed charge rate. Chargers are not protected against reverse polarity.
Quality Assurance
Power-Sonic employs IQC, PQC, and ISO 9001 systems to ensure quality. Batteries meet international standards and have UL certification.
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Catalog excerpts

Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-1

We’ve Got The Power.™ Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Rechargeable Batteries and Chargers

 Open the catalog to page 1
Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-3

Large Array of Sizes and Types Power-Sonic offers a broad range of cell sizes and types to meet a wide range of configurations and applications. Capacities range from 110 – 8000 mA. The batteries listed are our standard range. Other sizes and/or terminal configurations are available, subject to minimum order quantities and delivery times. Exceptional Performance State of the art design and meticulously controlled manufacturing ensure the highest performance levels in terms of energy density and voltage stability. Rugged, Durable and Safe The cylindrical steel case coupled with state-of –the art...

 Open the catalog to page 3
Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-7

Charge and Discharge Temp. (°C) Cycle Life (Years) 876543210 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Permanent Charge at 0.05C Charge and Discharge Temp. (°C) Voltage (V) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Capacity Input (%) Voltage (V) 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0.1C 0.05C Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries Charging and Discharging Characteristics High Temp. Battery Discharge Cycle Life High Temp. Battery Charging & Discharging We’ve Got The Power.™ Standard Battery Discharging (0.2C/0.5C/1C) Standard Battery Discharging (1C/2C/3C) Capacity Output (%) Voltage (V) 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2...

 Open the catalog to page 7
Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-8

Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery Charging Method No. of output terminals 2 15 hours Constant Current Slow Charge Time Controlled Fast Charge -ÄV Cutoff Charge dT/dt Cutoff Charge Trickle Charge 0.1 CmA NiCd and NiMH Most NiMH and NiCd NiCd and NiMH NiCd and NiMH NiCd and NiMH 6 to 8 hours 0.2 CmA Approx. 120% Approx. 110 to 120% Approx. 110 to 150% 1 to 2 hours 0.5 to 1 CmA 1 to 2 hours 0.5 to 1 CmA 30 hours or longer Frequent charge 1/30 to 1/20 CmA 2 2 3 2 Charge time Charge current Features • Cycle applications • Simple charge • Trickle charge • Cycle applications • Simple charge...

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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-9

Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Cell Assemblies Power-Sonic NiCd & NiMH batteries are also available as cell assemblies and packs. Both cylindrical and button cells may be packaged in any linear or tubular configuration to meet electrical and dimensional requirements. The basic building block of any nickel cadmium or nickel-metal hydride battery pack is the 1.2V cell, either button or cylindrical and they can be assembled together in a variety of ways, either in series or parallel. For example, 10 cells configured as a pack and connected in series will form a 12 volt battery. When specifying...

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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-10

Power-Sonic rechargeable batteries are designed to provide years of dependable service. Adherence to the following guidelines in system design will ensure that battery life is maximized and operation is trouble free. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • It is important that you familiarize yourself with these prior to handling, installing and disposing of all batteries. If there are any questions raised from these please contact Power-Sonics’ technical department. Handling • Follow all precautions as described in our Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). This information is subject to change depending...

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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-11

Important Do’s and Don’ts Discharging Discharge Temperatures • Discharge batteries within an ambient temperature range of: Nickel Cadmium -4°F to 149°F (-20°C to 65°C ), Nickel-Metal Hydride 14°F to 122°F (-10°C to 50°C) • Discharge capacity will drop when the battery is discharged outside the ambient temperature range Over-Discharging • Over-discharging damages the batteries performance. Full discharge has been reached when the the voltage drops to 0.9V to 1.0V, see the individual specification sheets for the applicable details. When the battery has been fully discharged It should be disconnected...

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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-12

Safety Considerations When Handling Batteries • Always familiarize yourself with the MSDS – see Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) above. • Never disassemble a battery, as the electrolyte inside is strong alkaline and can damage skin and clothes. • Never attempt to short-circuit a battery, doing so can damage the product & generate heat that can cause burns. • Never dispose of batteries into a fire as it will cause the battery to rupture, release noxious chemicals and possibly explode. • Never solder anything directly to a battery as this will damage the safety vent inside the cap. • Never insert...

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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-15

Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Chargers PSN-Series Features Electronically-regulated, constant current limited 2- stage chargers for nickel cadmium and nickel metalhydride batteries. Timed C/10 charge rate with automatic switching to C/40 trickle rate after fourteen hours to keep the battery fully charged. LED’s indicate charge mode. Units are calibrated to the battery pack’s specifications based on the number and mAh capacity of the cells. Assemblies of 1-12 cells and capacities of 500-5000 mAh can be charged in about 14 hours. The wall mount design chargers are shipped with a 6-foot...

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Nickel Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Product Catalog and Technical Handbook-16

Quality is always #1 We employ IQC, PQC and ISO 9001 quality management systems to test materials, monitor manufacturing processes and evaluate finished products prior to shipment. All our batteries are 100% tested with advanced computer equipment prior to being released for sale. Power-Sonic management and staff are committed to providing the best possible service to satisfy our customer’s needs, and fulfill our undertaking to deliver top grade products on time and at a competitive price. Our batteries meet international standards including JIS, DIN and IEC and have UL certification. Corporate...

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