Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors Introduction Sensors What Is a Displacement Sensor? A Displacement Sensor is a device that measures the distance between the sensor and an object by detecting the amount of displacement through a variety of elements and converting it into a distance. Depending on what element is used, there are several types of sensors, such as optical displacement sensors, linear proximity sensors, and ultrasonic displacement sensors. What Is a Measurement Sensor? A Measurement Sensor is a device that measures the dimensions of an object by converting changes in amount of light into electrical signals when the object interrupts a wide laser beam. Safety Components Features 1. A physical quantity of an object can be measured. A Displacement Sensor measures and detects changes (displacement) in a physical quantity. The Sensor can measure the height, width, and thickness of an object by determining the amount of displacement of that object. A Measurement Sensor measures the position and dimensions of an object. 2. Physical quantity output is also possible in addition to ON/OFF signal output. Analog output of physical quantities (current output or voltage output) can also be performed (excluding some models). Some models also support digital (serial) communications. Control Components Automation Systems Motion / Drives Energy Conservation Support / Environment Measure Equipment Power Supplies / In Addition Others Common

Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors Operating Principles and Classification Sensors Displacement Sensors 1. Optical Displacement Sensors Triangulation Measurement Method FAR Light source Light-receiving element Emitter lens Receiver lens Emitter axis Receiver axis Safety Components Light from the light source is condensed by the lens and directed onto the object. Light reflected from the object is condensed onto a onedimensional position sensing device (PSD)* by the receiving lens. If the position of the object (the distance to the measuring device) changes,...

Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors • Regular Reflection Model and Diffuse Reflection Model Diffuse reflection A specular reflection is produced, such as from a mirror surfaced or glossy object. A beam is reflected in all directions from an object with a standard surface. Laser beam Incident light to the receiver Laser beam Incident light to the receiver Regular reflection • Line Beams and Spot Beams Line Beam Model This model measures the average displacement within a line beam. Depending on the measurement conditions, this model provides stable measurements...

Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors Confocal Principle The height is detected based on the wavelength. Reflected light is not received because the reflected light is not focused at the light emission point. Even if the measurement object is inclined or contains different materials, the reflected light will be focused at the light emission point as long as the measurement object is at the focal point. spectroscope Receiver Light emission point = Focal point Light emission point Colors are separated along the height direction. Focal point Focal point Focal point...

Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors Eddy currents Center of the core Displacement direction Core Center of the coil Automation Systems Detection coil Control Components As the distance between the metal object and the Sensor Head decreases, eddy currents increase and the oscillation amplitude of the oscillation circuit decreases. Conversely, as the distance between the metal object and the Sensor Head increases, eddy currents decrease and the oscillation amplitude of the oscillation circuit increases. The oscillation amplitude of the oscillation circuit changes...

Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors Measurement Sensors Product names / models Smart Sensor ZX-LT Light source Lens Parallel Beam Line Sensor ZX-GT Light source Lens • Determining outer diameters • Detecting edge positions (including transparent objects) • Determining pin pitch • Detecting bar positions *CCD: Charge Coupled Device Light source PD* Rotating Lens mirror *PD: Photo Diode Emitter • Determining outer diameters (including transparent objects) • Detecting edge positions (including transparent objects) • Determining pin pitch Automation Systems Control...

Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors Explanation of Terms Response Time This is the width, expressed in terms of the distance, of the fluctuation in the linear output when the measured object is still. The narrower the width of the fluctuation is, the better the resolution is. Linear output when the displacement and width of the object are changed to steps. In analog output, the time required for 10% to 90% change is expressed in terms of the “response time”. Linear output Response time “Full scale” indicates the full scope of the measurement range. For example,...

Technical Explanation for Displacement Sensors and Measurement Sensors Further InformationHow to Interpret the Engineering Data Optical Displacement Sensors Diffuse-reflective Sensors and Regular-reflective Sensors Example: Characteristic of the ZX2-LD50 Linearity Characteristic for Different Materials Example: Characteristic of the ZX2-LD50V 0° Inclination - FAR side-- NEAR side-►! Measurement Displacement • This graph shows the amount of error in the measurement distance based on the material of the object. • The error values shown are based on the values at the measurement center distance...