Catalog excerpts
Starter Electrodes Starter Electrodes High Performance Water Analysis Instruments Ingeniously Practical
Open the catalog to page 1Starter Electrodes Selector Guide partially fit for this application
Open the catalog to page 2Pesticidea solution Paint/latex paint Exemplary daily Water paint use chemical products pH meaCosmetics/emulsion surements Shampoo/Shower creams/ liquid soups Meat/Cheese pH measurement on surface Paper Skin Agar Redox(ORP) Electrodes STORP1 Standard Aqueous samples, general purpose (e.g. pH buffers) Waste water River/lake water Swimming pool Tap water/drink water Pharmaceutical industry water Distilled water/pure water pH measurements of environmental Education purpose samples and laboratory Strong Acid(not HF)or strong Base samples Harsh Environmental solution, e.g high temperature or...
Open the catalog to page 3About the Starter Series Accurate and precise measurement has been our main focus since our inception in 1907. After more than a century of developing balances that have provided the reliable and precise weight determination that is essential to laboratory applications, OHAUS is proud to now offer our expertise in measurement in a line of electrochemistry products. The Starter Series includes pH, reference, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) electrodes, as well as conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature probes that can be used in conjunction with our bench and portable meters....
Open the catalog to page 4pH Electrodes Basic Theory of pH pH is a one of the most commonly measured parameters in chemical and life sciences research, as well as is many different industries, including water and wastewater treatment, food technology, environmental protection, production and agriculture. pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ions concentration in the sample: pH = -log [H+] pH provides a convenient way to compare the relative acidity or alkalinity of a sample at a given temperature. pH electrodes produce different mV values in solutions with different pH. Ideally, at 25°C, a pH...
Open the catalog to page 5pH Electrodes Maintenance and Storage of pH Electrodes pH electrodes are delicate measuring instruments that require proper care and maintenance to produce accurate and reliable results as well as to ensure a long usable life. If an electrode is not in use always keep it moist by placing the electrode's glass bulb in the storage solution (3M KCl). Do not store the electrode in distilled or deionized water as this will cause ions to leak out of the glass bulb and reference electrolyte, which can cause a slow response and damage the electrode. Electrodes may be shipped with either protective...
Open the catalog to page 6pH Electrodes The newest addition to the OHAUS Starter Series of electrochemistry instruments includes electrodes that support advanced pH measurements. OHAUS offers several pH electrodes, including a glass shaft 3-in-1 electrode (ST350), micro-sample pH electrodes (STMICRO5 and STMICRO8), double-salt bridge pH electrode (ST260) that is suitable for pH measurement of tris-buffer solutions, or a flat surface pH electrode (STSURF). Item Number Temp. Range Shaft material Internal Reference Type Reference Junction Type Annular ceramic Annular ceramic Annular ceramic Annular ceramic Ground glass...
Open the catalog to page 7Reference Electrodes Basic Principle of Reference Electrodes Reference eletrodes have a stable and well defined electrochemical potential. A measured potential in an electrochemical cell is determined against a defined potential value of a reference electrode. STREF2 is saturated calomel electrode (SCE)(Hg/Hg2Cl2 in saturated KCl) which traditionally is the most widely used electrode. The disadvantage is that it cannot be used above 50°C due to Hg2Cl2 instability. STREF1 is Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl in Saturated KCl), which represents another type of reference electrode. Care and...
Open the catalog to page 8ORP Electrodes Basic Principle of ORP Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) electrodes test for the overall availability of electrons in a medium, specifically the ratio of positive and negative ions in the solution. They are also sometimes referred to as Redox electrodes. ORP is the only practical method used to electronically monitor sanitizer effectiveness and it is also commonly tested in water, such as swimming pools and aquariums. ORP is expressed in millivolts (mV). -1000 mV to 1000mV is a common range for ORP tests. The pH value influences the ORP value significantly. Care and...
Open the catalog to page 9Conductivity Probes Basic Theory of Conductivity Conductivity is measured in a wide range of industries and gives a readout of total ionic concentration within the sample. It is a rapid and inexpensive way of determining the ionic strength of a solution. A basic conductivity cell consists of a pair of electrodes that are placed in a sample. The ratio of the distance between the electrodes (D) and their surface area (A) is known as the cell constant K: K= D/A [cm -1] Each measuring cell has its own particular cell constant. It is recommended that you always determine the exact cell constant...
Open the catalog to page 10Conductivity Probes The newest conductivity probe to join the Starter Series is a 2-pole potentiometric probe, STCON7. STCON7 is especially designed for low conductivity measurements in mediums such as pure or distilled water. With a built-in 30KΩ temperature sensor, it performs automatic temperature compensation. The stainless steel measuring cell chamber can hold 316L. Operation For optimal performance, use the same procedure as described for STCON3 on the previous page. Moreover, when taking measurements, make sure the solution is above the cell chamber and remove any build-up of solids...
Open the catalog to page 11Dissolved Oxygen Probes Basic Principle of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Probes There are three types of commonly used oxygen sensors: polarographic, galvanic and optical (luminescence) sensors. DO probes should be calibrated before being placed in the sample. Before calibrating a probe, do not forget to remove water droplets from the membrane by gently shaking the sensor. STDO11 is a galvanic DO probe and the simplest among the three probes. It produces its own electric current. The cathode is silver and the anode is zinc. Oxygen passes through the membrane and is reduced at the cathode to...
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