ThermoPlastic
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Chemtrol® Thermoplastic Flow Solutions Thermoplastic Piping Technical Manual ® PVC, CPVC, PP, PVDF Chemtrol® is a brand of

­­® ® Contents Introduction www.chemtrol.com 1 Materials Materials Physical Properties of Thermoplastic Piping Materials 1 Standards Engineering Data 3 4 5 6 Dimensions and Reference Data – Schedule 80 Pipe and Fittings Dimensions and Reference Data – Pipe Threads and Flanges Metric Conversion Tables 1 2 4 Engineering Design 7 Pressure and Temperature Ratings of Chemtrol® Products Pressure Ratings/Pressure Losses Flow and Friction Loss Chart for Schedule 40 Flow and Friction Loss Chart for Schedule 80 Hydraulic Shock/Surge Wave Method Expansion and Thermal Contraction of Plastic Pipe...

­ ® Introduction Introduction to Chemtrol® With more than 45 years of experience in industrial thermoplastics, Chemtrol offers dependable products that work in the most demanding environments. For specific recommendations of chemical compatibility, see the Chemtrol Chemical Resistance Guide. For a wide variety of thermoplastic valves of superior design and quality, see the Chemtrol Valve Guide. For the best thermoplastic fittings and flanges available for industrial use, refer to the Chemtrol Fitting Guide. These publications are available for download on www.nibco.com/chemtrol in PDF...

­­® ® Materials www.chemtrol.com Physical Properties of Thermoplastic Piping Materials ASTM Test Methods Properties Material PVC 12454-B CPVC 23447-B 1.38 1.50 1.76 .905 .05 .05 .04 .02 7,300 7,200 6,000 4,600 4.2 3.7 2.1 2.0 Flexural Strength psi 14,500 15,600 9,700 7,000 Izod Impact Strength @ 73° F (Notched) 1.1 2.0 3.8 .8 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion in/in/° F x 10–5 3.0 3.8 7.9 5.0 Thermal Conductivity BTU/HR/Sq. Ft./° F/in 1.2 .95 .79 1.2 D648 Heat Distortion Temp. ° F @ 66 psi NA NA 284 195 D648 Heat Distortion Temp. ° F @ 264 psi 163 212 194 140 Resistance to Heat ° F at...

­ ® Standards ­® www.chemtrol.com Many commercial, industrial, and governmental standards or specifications are available to assist the design engineer in specifying plastic piping systems. Standards most frequently referred to and most commonly called out in plastic piping specifications are ASTM Standards. These standards also often form the basis of other standards in existence. Below is a list and description of those standards most typically applied to industrial plastic piping. ASTM D2657 This standard covers the procedure for heat-fusion bonding of polyolefin materials. ASTM D1784...

­­® ® Engineering Data www.chemtrol.com ressure Conversion Factors P Metric Equivalent Charts Metric Equivalent Charts Linear Conversion Table From Fractional Inches to Millimeters inches mm inches mm 1/64 .016 .397 33/64 .516 13.097 1/32 .031 .794 17/32 .531 13.494 3/64 .047 1.191 35/64 .547 13.891 1/16 .063 1.588 9/16 .563 14.288 5/64 .078 1.984 37/64 .578 14.684 3/32 .094 2.381 19/32 .594 15.081 7/64 .109 2.778 39/64 .609 15.478 1/8 .125 3.175 5/8 .625 15.875 9/64 .141 3.572 41/64 .641 16.272 5/32 .156 3.969 21/32 .656 16.669 11/64 .172 4.366 43/64 .672 17.066 3/16 .188 4.763 11/16 .688...

­ ® Engineering Design Metric Equivalent of Chemtrol® Products Pressure Ratings Charts The pressure carrying capability of any pipe at a given temperature is a function of the material strength from which the pipe is made and the geometry of the pipe as defined by its diameter and wall thickness. The following expression, commonly known as the ISO equation, is used in thermoplastic pipe specifications to relate these factors: P = 2S / (Do /t –1) where: P S Do t = maximum pressure rating, psi = maximum hydraulic design stress (max. working strength), psi = average outside pipe diameter, in....

­­® ® Introduction Design Engineering www.chemtrol.com Pressure Ratings of Chemtrol® Products Chemtrol Products in Vacuum or Collapse Loading Situations Thermoplastic pipe is often used in applications where the pressure on the outside of the pipe exceeds the pressure inside. Suction or vacuum lines and buried pipe are examples of this type of service. As a matter of practical application, gauges indicate the pressure differential above or below atmospheric pressure. However, scientists and engineers frequently express pressure on an absolute scale where zero equals a theoretically perfect...

­ ® Engineering Design ­® www.chemtrol.com Hydraulic Shock Hydraulic shock is the term used to describe the momentary pressure rise in a piping system which results when the liquid is started or stopped quickly. This pressure rise is caused by the momentum of the fluid; therefore, the pressure rise increases with the velocity of the liquid, the length of the system from the fluid source, or with an increase in the speed with which it is started or stopped. Examples of situations where hydraulic shock can occur are valves which are opened or closed quickly or pumps which start with an empty...

­­® ® Engineering Design Expansion and Thermal Contraction of Plastic Pipe Calculating Dimensional Change All materials undergo dimensional change as a result of temperature variation above or below the installation temperature. The extent of expansion or contraction is dependent upon the coefficient of linear expansion for the piping material. These coefficients are listed below for the essential industrial plastic piping materials in the more conventional form of inches of dimensional change, per ° F of temperature change, per inch of length. They are also presented in a more convenient...

­ ® Engineering Design ­® www.chemtrol.com Managing Expansion/Contraction in System Design Stresses and forces which result from thermal expansion and contraction can be reduced or eliminated by providing for flexibility in the piping system through frequent changes in direction or introduction of loops as graphically depicted on this page. Normally, piping systems are designed with sufficient directional changes, which provide inherent flexibility, to compensate for expansion and contraction. To determine if adequate flexibility exists in leg (R) (see Fig. 1) to accommodate the expected...