Group: NETZSCH
Catalog excerpts
Differential Scanning Calorimetry – DSC 404 F1/F3 Pegasus® Method, Technique, Applications Analyzing & Testing
Open the catalog to page 1Method Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is one of the most frequently employed thermal analysis methods. It can be used to analyze nearly any energetic effect occurring in a solid or liquid during thermal treatment. ■ Specific heat capacity ■ Melting and crystallization behavior ■ Solid-solid transitions ■ Polymorphism ■ Phase transitions/diagrams ■ Liquid crystal transitions ■ Eutectic purity Degree of crystallinity ■ Glass transition temperatures ■ Cross-linking reactions ■ Oxidative stability ■ Decomposition onset ■ Compatibility ■ Purity Determination ■ Thermokinetics
Open the catalog to page 2Reference signal Sample signal Transition temperature Area A ~ Transition enthalpy Difference (from 0) ~ Mass · cp Signal generation in a heat flux DSC The DSC 404 F1 and F3 Pegasus® systems operate according to the heat flux principle. With this method, a sample and a reference are subjected to a controlled temperature program (heating, cooling or isothermal). The actual measured properties are the temperature of the sample and the temperature difference between sample and reference. From the raw data signals, the heat flow difference between sample and reference can be determined. The DSC...
Open the catalog to page 3Outstanding Features DSC 404 F1/F3 Pegasus® At NETZSCH, we mastered the challenge of high-temperature DSC measurement years ago. Today, that same drive for perfection allows us to consistently offer the best solutions on the market. Furnace Variety for the Broadest of Temperature Ranges Various furnaces including those for special applications extend the application range beyond that of common thermal analyzer systems. Measurements can be performed in the range from -150°C to 2000°C. Efficient Time Management The double hoist allows for either the simultaneous connection of two furnaces or...
Open the catalog to page 4The Right Sensor For Each Application Elimination of Atmospheric Influences – Vacuum-Tight Design The instrument’s ample flexibility is extended by an impressive assortment of sensors. The great variety of possible furnace/sensor combinations ensures optimal configuration for any application. Easy handling is guaranteed by means of the user-friendly design. Mass flow controllers provide an ideal control of atmospheres. The vacuum-tight design is prerequestite for the investagation of materials sensitive to oxidation. Enthalpy changes and the specific heat capacity (cp) can be analyzed at...
Open the catalog to page 5Double Hoist Various Furnace Systems The DSC 404 F1/F3 Pegasus® systems can be equipped with a wide range of different furnaces accommodating different temperature and application ranges between -150°C and 2000°C. Silver and steel furnaces are available for the sub-ambient temperature range. Controlled cooling is guaranteed with the liquid nitrogen cooling device or the Vortex tube. For higher temperature ranges, SiC, Pt, Rh and graphite furnaces are available. The platinum and the rhodium furnaces in combination with dedicated DSC sensors are specifically suited for determination of the...
Open the catalog to page 6Various Sensors Unique Sensor Adjustment System The DSC 404 F1/F3 Pegasus® instruments are generally used to obtain accurate specific heat (cp) measurements. However, the systems allow for simple DTA measurements or conventional DSC tests as well. DTA sensors can be used for applications such as routine tests on aggressive sample substances. Various thermocouple types allow optimum sensitivity and time constants in all temperature ranges. The sensors can easily be changed in less than a minute by the operator. For optimizing the baseline, a micrometer adjustment system is integrated into...
Open the catalog to page 7Groundbreaking Technology A variety of useful accessories for augmenting the application range of the DSC method is available, including evacuation devices, the AutoVac for automatic evacuation and refilling of the DSC system, and the OTS® oxygen trap system. gas outlet valve gas outlet hoisting device heating element sample carrier protective tube radiation shield evacuating system adjusting screws purge 1 purge 2 protective
Open the catalog to page 8Atmosphere – Mass Flow Controllers Vacuum-Tight Design – Optimum Atmosphere Control In the DSC 404 F3 Pegasus®, the purge or reactive gas flow is generally controlled via frits, manual control systems or tailor-made mass flow control systems (MFCs). The DSC 404 F1 Pegasus® comes standardequipped with integrated metal-housed mass flow control systems for three different gases. Both MFC systems allow software-controlled gas switching and purge gas rates as well as recording of the flow rates in the software. The DSC 404 F1/F3 Pegasus® instruments stand out as first-rate vacuum-tight...
Open the catalog to page 9of Accessories Selection of DSC crucibles and lids Reshaping tool for PtRh/ceramic crucible system A Wide Variety of Crucibles Calibration Materials What sets the DSC 404 F1/F3 Pegasus® systems apart is not only their flexibility in furnaces and sensors but also the huge variety of available crucibles. For the broad temperature range from -150°C to 2000°C, the crucible materials vary from metals (Al, Ag, Au, etc.) to ceramics (Al2O3, MgO, ZrO2, Y2O3, BN, etc.) to graphite. For inhomogeneous samples and those with low density, larger crucibles are available. For the calibration of...
Open the catalog to page 10Automatic Sample Changer (ASC) An automatic sample changer (ASC) can be installed on both the DSC 404 F1 and F3 Pegasus® systems. The sample carousel allows for 20 samples and is removable for easy loading. Each sample can be assigned an individual measurement and evaluation macro. Preprogramming permits measurements to be carried out overnight or on weekends. This significantly enhances the sample throughput, laboratory and instrument efficiency. Optimum crucible placement is guaranteed by design. The ASC with its gripper and carousel allows for the use of nearly any crucible type...
Open the catalog to page 11Both DSC systems run under the Proteus® software on Windows® XP Professional, or on Windows® 7 32-/64-bit Professional, Enterprise or Ultimate. The Proteus® software includes everything you need to carry out a measurement and evaluate the resulting data. User-friendly menus combined with automated routines make this very easy to use while still providing sophisticated analysis. The Proteus® software is licensed with the instrument and can of course be installed on other computer systems. ■ Specific Heat Capacity Determination The DSC method allows for convenient and reliable determination...
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