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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual

Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual

Product catalog summary

Introduction
CERAFIL® ceramic filters by Murata are vital in electronic devices, especially in commercial equipment like stereo systems and TVs. They help mitigate radio wave disturbances and enhance data transmission rates, requiring filters with high selectivity and wide bandwidth.

Types of CERAFIL®
CERAFIL® filters come in SMD and lead types, with center frequencies from 450kHz to 10.7MHz, suitable for audio, TV, wireless communication, and mobile phones.

Filter Operating Principles
Filters are categorized by structure and materials, including ceramic, LC, crystal, mechanical, and active filters, each with specific frequency ranges and characteristics like size, stability, and selectivity.

Operating Principles of CERAFIL®
CERAFIL® uses piezoelectric ceramics as an electrical-mechanical transducer and mechanical resonator, leveraging the piezoelectric effect to convert mechanical stress into electrical signals.

Technical Terms
Key terms include frequency characteristics, input/output impedance, impedance matching, decibels (dB), and group delay time, essential for effective filter application.

Features of CERAFIL®
CERAFIL® is designed for high selectivity, miniaturization, and integration in solid-state applications, offering high stability and a notable frequency temperature coefficient.

How to Use CERAFIL®
Guidelines cover impedance matching, countermeasures for spurious responses, gain distribution, and bias circuit design to optimize performance.

Discriminator and Applications
The document discusses discriminator types and detection methods, including ratio, quadrature, and differential peak detection, and ceramic discriminator applications.

Appendix
Includes guidelines for using ceramic discriminators and a reference table for applied ICs.

Countermeasures for Loss and Spurious Response
To address loss, use CERAFIL® in amplifier stages and combine with IFT for selectivity. For spurious response, use supplementary IFT or fixed LC filters.

Bias Circuit
Bias is needed for transistors as CERAFIL® does not pass D.C. The matching resistor can serve dual purposes, and IFT is recommended for coupling with the MIX stage.

Discriminator and Detection Methods
Discriminators convert frequency changes into audio signals, with methods like ratio detection, quadrature detection, and differential peak detection.

Ceramic Discriminator Applications
Murata offers ceramic discriminators for small radios and other applications, eliminating the need for IF stage adjustments.

Three-Terminal Ceramic Trap
This trap uses two ceramic resonators for high attenuation at specific frequencies, useful in color TVs and VCRs.

Notes
Emphasizes reading ratings and cautions for storage, operating, soldering, and mounting to prevent issues. Specifications require approval before ordering.

Correct Use of Ceramic Discriminator
Accurate circuit values are essential for achieving specified characteristics. Consultation with a Murata specialist is recommended for circuit design.

Applied IC Reference Table for Ceramic Discriminator
Provides a reference table for ICs compatible with ceramic discriminators, listing product IDs, frequencies, and compatible ICs from various manufacturers.

Intermediate Frequency of Television System Worldwide
Outlines intermediate frequency specifications for TV systems in different regions, detailing frequency values for picture, chromatic, and sound signals.

General Notes
Stresses the importance of reading ratings and cautions to prevent issues and notes that specifications require approval before ordering.

Catalog excerpts

Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-1

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-2

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Introduction Ceramic filters (CERAFIL®*) have now become an indispensable component in a multitude of electronic equipment. The IC, developed in military and space applications, has found wide use in the field of commercial equipment, such as stereo systems,...

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-3

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 3 Operating Principles of CERAFIL® 4 Technical terms of CERAFIL® 8 Ceramic Discriminator Application Operating Principles of CERAFIL® Technical terms of CERAFIL® Ceramic Discriminator Application

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-4

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Ceramic Filter Lead Type Lead Type Ceramic Trap Ceramic Discriminator Radio Communication Equipment Cordless Phone Mobile Phone Wireless Data Communication Typical Center Frequency Portable Audio Hi-Fi Audio Types of CERAFIL® and applicable markets

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-5

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 2 Filter 1. Filter An electrical component which has a function of passing, or stopping, a specific frequency. 2. Operating Principles and Features of Filters The filters have different names depending on the structures and the materials used. The types, the...

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-6

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 3 Operating Principles of CERAFIL® CERAFIL® (ceramic filter) is a filter which uses a piezoelectric ceramics (barium titanate ceramics, leadzirconate-titanate ceramics, etc.) as an electricalmechanical transducer and as a mechanical resonator. It provides the...

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-7

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Operating Principle of CERAFIL® 2. What is Piezoelectric Ceramics? Some piezoelectric crystals can be calcined into polycrystal ceramics, though there is a spontaneous polarization in each of the fine crystals in the piezoelectric ceramics which is cancelled...

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-8

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Operating Principle of CERAFIL® 2. Symbols in the Electrical Circuit of the Electrical-Mechanical Transducer and the Equivalent Circuit The symbols as shown in Fig. 3-2 are used for the electrical-mechanical transducer in an electrical circuit. The equivalent...

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-9

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Operating Principle of CERAFIL® 4. CERAFIL® When the piezoelectric ceramics described above is polarized by providing a pair of electrodes so that it can be excited in a prescribed vibrating mode, and if a suitable matching impedance is applied to operate it,...

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-10

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 4 Technical Terms of CERAFIL® Some specific terms are used with CERAFIL®. Let us explain those terms in this paragraph. 1. Frequency Characteristics of CERAFIL® and Related Terminologies Refer to the frequency characteristic graph (Fig. 4-1) with particulars...

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Ceramic Filters CERAFIL® Application Manual-11

Note • Please read rating and CAUTION (for storage and operating, rating, soldering and mounting, handling) in this catalog to prevent smoking and/or burning, etc. • This catalog has only typical specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Technical terms of CERAFIL® 2. Other Terminologies 1. Input/Output Impedance Signifies the internal impedance value of the input and output side at the center frequency of CERAFIL®, and it is expressed in Ω. It causes no problem even if the input and the output...

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