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eBook - Energy & Fuels Applications

eBook - Energy & Fuels Applications
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eBook - Energy & Fuels Applications

Product catalog summary
LECO Corporation Overview
LECO Corporation, founded in 1936, specializes in elemental and thermal analysis equipment, mass spectrometers, and chromatographs. It is a family-owned company with over 25 subsidiaries worldwide, headquartered in Michigan, USA, featuring advanced research and manufacturing facilities.
Key Markets
LECO serves diverse markets such as energy and fuels, environment and agriculture, food safety, life sciences, pharmaceuticals, metabolomics, and metallurgy. Their instruments are utilized for carbon/sulfur testing, environmental monitoring, and food contamination analysis.
GC- and GC×GC-TOFMS Instrumentation
LECO's GC×GC technology enhances separation capacity with two columns of orthogonal selectivity, providing structured two-dimensional chromatograms and improved sensitivity, beneficial for environmental science and metabolomics applications.
Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOFMS)
TOFMS is suitable for complex samples and non-targeted analysis, offering full mass range collection without compromising speed or sensitivity, enhancing spectral continuity for mass spectral deconvolution and higher library matches.
Separation Science Product Portfolio
LECO's product range includes the PEGASUS® BT GC-TOFMS and PEGASUS® BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS, known for sensitivity and reliability. The QuadJet™ SD enhances separating power, and the PEGASUS® GC-HRT+ offers high-resolution capabilities.
Specific Instrument Features
LECO's StayClean® ion source reduces maintenance by preventing contamination. Their modulators improve chromatographic resolution, and the Folded Flight Path® technology provides high resolving power in a compact design.
Innovative Technologies
Encoded Frequent Pushing™ (EFP™) enhances TOFMS sensitivity by increasing pushing frequency. The Multi-Mode Source™ offers versatile ionization options for gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
Multi-Mode Source (MMS)
The MMS integrates multiple ionization methods into a single source, eliminating hardware switching issues, offering high mass accuracy and resolution, applicable for GC-MS and GC×GC-MS analyses on PEGASUS® GC-HRT+ systems.
LECO ChromaTOF Software
ChromaTOF processes large data from time-of-flight instruments, offering seamless control, intuitive interfaces, and advanced data processing capabilities, supporting multidimensional chromatographic data and providing features like automatic tuning and peak finding.
ChromaTOF Tile
This technology reduces peak picking time and allows efficient data comparison across complex studies, generating clean, library-searchable spectra and quantifying trends using tile areas.
Spectral Analysis Tools (SAT)
Paired with ChromaTOF software, SAT enhances identification and quantitation of heteroatomics in GC or GC×GC data sets, useful in petroleomics and environmental workflows.
Crude Oil Refining
Refining involves distillation, cracking, and reforming to produce petroleum products, primarily gasoline. Distillation separates materials by volatility, cracking breaks heavy molecules, and reforming alters chemical structures for desired properties.
Analysis of Petroleum Products
Gas chromatography, especially GC×GC, is crucial for analyzing complex petroleum mixtures, offering enhanced resolution and separation of hydrocarbons. TOFMS aids in characterizing samples with fast acquisition rates and broad mass analysis ranges.
ASTM Method D5769
This method determines benzene, toluene, and aromatics in gasoline using GC-MS. LECO's PEGASUS® BT GC-TOFMS meets method requirements without ion source saturation, ensuring accurate calibration and analysis.
Fuel-Washing Detection
Accutrace S10, a fuel marker, is used to detect illegal fuel washing. The PEGASUS® BT can quantify this marker in diluted diesel samples, meeting detection limits for regulatory compliance.
Petroleum Forensics
GC×GC is used to identify biomarkers in crude oil, aiding in tracing oil origins and characteristics, resolving complex mixtures, and providing insights into the geochemistry of samples.
Classification of Diesel Compounds
GC×GC-FID analysis allows classification of compounds in diesel samples into chemical classes using ChromaTOF software, facilitating comparison and analysis of complex mixtures.
High-Temperature Petroleum Analysis
GC×GC and TOFMS are used for analyzing high-temperature petroleum samples, enabling classification and detailed analysis of complex mixtures.
Light Crude Oil Analysis
High-resolution TOFMS is ideal for analyzing light crude oil, offering fast acquisition and comprehensive detection, simplifying the classification of oil components and addressing emission-related species.
Overview: The document provides a detailed analysis of techniques and studies related to the characterization of hydrocarbons and fuels using advanced chromatography and mass spectrometry methods. It highlights the importance of distinguishing mass splits in petroleomics, the impact of sulfur regulations on marine fuels, and the application of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) coupled with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HR-TOFMS).
Key Sections:
  • Distinguishing Mass Splits: Discusses the critical C3 vs. SH4 mass split in petroleomics, emphasizing the use of high-resolution GC×GC and mass spectrometry to resolve these splits, crucial for regulatory compliance regarding sulfur content in petroleum fractions.
  • Characterization of Bunker Fuels: Outlines the use of GC×GC-HR TOFMS, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and direct inlet probe (DIP) techniques to analyze marine fuels, especially in light of new International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations reducing sulfur content.
  • Petroleomics Paradigm Shift: Highlights the role of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry in advancing petroleomics by providing detailed chemical characterization and structural elucidation of petroleum and crude oil.
  • Bibliography and Publications: A comprehensive list of publications from 2018 to 2020 showcases various studies on the application of GC×GC and HR-TOFMS in analyzing complex hydrocarbon mixtures, including crude oils, marine fuels, and renewable energy sources.
Figures and Data:
  • Chromatograms and Mass Spectra: Figures illustrate the separation and identification of hydrocarbon and sulfur compounds in crude oil samples, demonstrating the effectiveness of the discussed analytical techniques.
  • IMO Legislation Impact: A figure highlights the reduction in sulfur content for marine fuels as per IMO regulations, underscoring the need for advanced analytical methods to ensure compliance.
Conclusion: The document underscores the significance of high-resolution analytical techniques in the energy and fuels sector, particularly for regulatory compliance and detailed chemical characterization of complex mixtures. It also emphasizes ongoing research and development in this field as reflected in the extensive bibliography.
Bibliography Overview:
The document provides a bibliography of publications related to energy and fuels, specifically focusing on the year 2018. It includes research on oxidative degradation, molecular profiling of crude oil, thermal maturity assessments, and the discovery of high-abundance diamondoids in petroleum.
Key Publications:
  • Oxidative Degradation of Extraction Residue from Sawdust by Xu, D. D. et al.
  • Molecular Profiling of Crude Oil Using DPF-MS by Yerabolu, Ravikiran et al.
  • Thermal Maturity of Permian Lucaogou Formation by Zhang, Mingming et al.
  • Higher Ethanodiamondoids in Petroleum by Zhu, Guangyou et al.
  • Low Molecular Weight Organic Polysulfanes in Petroleum by Zhu, Guangyou et al.
  • Discovery of High-Abundance Diamondoids and Thiadiamondoids by Zhu, Guangyou et al.
LECO Corporation Services:
LECO Corporation offers services such as online demos, virtual tradeshows, sample measurements, and live demos at their European Application and Technology Centre in Berlin. They emphasize quality and customer service, supported by ISO-9001:2015 certification and CE quality and safety specifications.
Contact Information:
For more information, LECO can be contacted via email at [email protected] or through their website at eu.leco.com. Their global network includes over 25 subsidiaries dedicated to customer service and satisfaction.
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Catalog excerpts

eBook - Energy & Fuels Applications-1

ENERGY & FUELS APPLICATIONS ECO Corporation – L company facts C- and GC×GC-TOFMS G instrumentation eparation Science S product portfolio pecific LECO GC-TOFMS S instrument features nergy & Fuels E Compendium ECO Energy & Fuels L Bibliography Next Page

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GC- and GC×GC-TOFMS Instrumentation, Techniques and Software LECO Corporation: some company facts GC- and GC×GC-TOFMS instrumentation 06 Separation Science product portfolio 09 Specific LECO GC-TOFMS instrument features 12 Energy & Fuels Application Compendium Compendium of application notes, posters, articles, p

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LECO CORPORATION SOME COMPANY FACTS

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SOME COMPANY FACTS LECO CORPORATION Established in 1936 by Carl Schultz, the Laboratory Equipment Company introduced what would be the first rapid carbon determinator to the American iron and steel industry. Today, over 80 years later, LECO continues to be a family-owned company in its third generation of leadership and is recognised globally as a leader in the development of high-quality elemental and thermal analysis equipment, mass spectrometers and chromatographs, metallography and optical equipment, and consumables. Our headquarters in St. Joseph, Michigan, USA, is comprised of several facilities...

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Energy & Fuels While LECO has continued to be a leader in carbon/sulfur testing of coal and coke, it has since expanded into biofuels, biomass, oil additives, petroleum products. Ensuring existing sources, and analysing fuels of the future – LECO technology is here to validate their potential and quality. Environment & Agriculture LECO instruments helps to monitor environmental impact, manage agricultural resources more efficiently by monitoring composition of arable soils, crop and fertilisers; determining optimum nutrition values for animal feed. Food Safety Multi residue methods and screening...

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BENEFITS OF GC×GC Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) is an analytical technique that has been around for over 25 years. GC×GC increases separation capacity by using two separate columns with orthogonal selectivity connected in series through a modulator (Figure 1). The modulator rapidly traps and "injects" the effluent from the first dimension column onto the second dimension. Figure 1: Principle of GC×GC The result of a GC×GC analysis is a chromatographic plane (contour plot) (Figure 2), that depicts the separation over the nonpolar and polar columns. The chromatographic...

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BENEFITS OF TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY A time-of-ight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) for gas chromatography (GC) (Figure 3) is the right choice for complex samples, targeted and non-targeted analysis and fast GC or GC×GC. Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) is probably the simplest method of mass measurement to conceptualise. The ion’s mass-to-charge ratio is determined via a time measurement (Figure). The ability to collect a full mass range without sacricing data acquisition speed or sensitivity is perfectly suited for non-targeted analyses. Using a non-targeted approach is benecial...

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SEPARATION SCIENCE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO

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SEPARATION SCIENCE PRODUCTS • Industry-leading sensitivity helps you find and quantify an unlimited number of analytes, while proprietary deconvolution algorithms yield clean, high quality spectra • nhanced sensitivity by coupling E our benchtop Pegasus BT with our high performance GC×GC thermal modulation system • Enhanced separating power for complex sample analysis • complete historical record of all A components for each sample is retained for future data mining • he tried-and-tested reliability and T durability of our Pegasus brand in a convenient benchtop unit • bility to interrogate challenging...

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SEPARATION SCIENCE PRODUCTS PEGASUS® GC-HRT + GC-TOFMS • he highest performance TOF mass spectrometer T for the GCMS market • ombining the highest performance GC×GC and C TOF on the market gives users an unprecedented ability to interrogate complex sample ® • olded Flight Path® (FFP  ) technology allows users F to achieve resolutions of up to 50,000 • Employs ChromaTOF® software with automated ® High Resolution Deconvolution® (HRD  ) and formula generation for seamless identification of unknowns, plus compatibility with standard GCMS libraries • ind more analytes than ever before and identify...

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SPECIFIC LECO GC-TOFMS INSTRUMENT FEATURES

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STAY CLEAN® ION SOURCE STABILITY Fouled ion sources and related issues are often time consuming to diagnosis and resolve. A definitive diagnosis can only be achieved after other preventative maintenance steps (inlet maintenance, column trimming, etc.) have been tried and tested. Once the source has been pinpointed as the issue, users have to clean the source before proceeding. Even routine, scheduled preventative cleaning leads to system downtime In less controlled environments the incremental contamination of an ion source may not be noticed until long past the point of compromised results or...

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LECO MODULATOR PORTFOLIO GC×GC offers dramatic improvements over traditional GC for the analysis of complex mixtures. This is due to significantly increased chromatographic resolution. The modulator, considered the heart of the GC×GC system, is a device which injects the effluent from the primary column to the secondary column. There are two primary forms of modulators in GC×GC; thermal- and ow-based. These techniques are described in general terms, but with focus on ow modulation. Thermal-based modulators (Figure 6) rely on a cooling mechanism to trap eluent from the rst column, followed by...

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FFP ® FOLDED FLIGHT PATH ® LECO’s patented Folded Flight Path® (FFP®) technology is celebrating ten years of mass spectrometry breakthroughs. This ingenious concept uses multi-reflecting technology to strip away the oversized flight tubes from traditional high resolution Time-of-Flight (TOF) mass spectrometers and packs an impressive resolving power of 25,000 into a surprisingly small footprint. Ultra High Resolution mode enables the FFP instruments to reach resolving powers of over 50,000 with flight paths equivalent of 40 m without a single increase in lab space. The ingenious design of the...

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All LECO catalogs and technical brochures

  1. GDS Series

    12  Pages

  2. TGA801

    8  Pages

  3. SS1000

    2  Pages

  4. MX500

    2  Pages

  5. MX400

    2  Pages

  6. LCB3100

    2  Pages

  7. 828 Series

    8  Pages

  8. TGM800

    8  Pages

  9. 736 Series

    8  Pages

  10. RC612

    4  Pages

  11. 836 Series

    8  Pages

  12. CS744

    8  Pages

  13. 832 Series

    8  Pages

  14. CS844 Series

    8  Pages

  15. 928 Series

    8  Pages

  16. GDS900

    8  Pages

  17. eBook Food

    48  Pages

  18. AC600

    4  Pages

  19. EATC Berlin

    8  Pages

  20. AMH55

    6  Pages

  21. VX4

    1  Page

  22. AC500

    2  Pages

  23. AF700

    2  Pages

  24. DH603

    4  Pages

  25. TruSpec Micro

    4  Pages

  26. L-PAL3

    2  Pages

  27. SX100M

    2  Pages

  28. PAX-it 2

    2  Pages

  29. Pegasus BT 4D

    6  Pages

  30. Pegasus BT

    6  Pages

*Prices are pre-tax. They exclude delivery charges and customs duties and do not include additional charges for installation or activation options. Prices are indicative only and may vary by country, with changes to the cost of raw materials and exchange rates.
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