APPLICATIONS COMPENDIUMEnergy Efficiency, Monitoring and Sustainability - Sustainable power and heat generation - Efficient use of energy sources - Monitoring of energy and greenhouse gas equivalents

PREFACE Dear reader, The energy transition is forcing companies to act. Energy utilities are faced with the challenge of ensuring a supply of electricity, heat, gas and other forms of energy that is as CO2-neutral as possible. The path to decarbonisation is being taken through a growing contribution of renewable energies, more efficient use of fossil fuels and the intermediate storage of excess energy. New technologies such as load-flexible high-efficiency power plants, green hydrogen and high-temperature heat storage must be developed and further expanded on a large scale for this purpose. On...

Marine Food & Beverage Chemical Oil & Gas Power Generation

Power, Heat, Utilities

• Equipping a biomass plant with process instrumentation Power Generation

APPLICATION REPORTEnhanced energy measurement for a facility heating and cooling system • Carbon-friendly air conditioning concept for office and manufacturing buildings • Energy savings through continuous monitoring and optimisation of energy and heat flows • Dedicated energy measurement setup consisting of flowmeters with paired temperature sensors and energy calculators Rising energy costs and growing regulatory requirements are encouraging many building owners and management companies to optimise their energy consumption. A major cost driver is the production and use of thermal energy for...

APPLICATION REPORT extremely effective and energy efficient. It reliably cools the offices to a comfortable working environment even at very high outdoor temperatures. If required, adiabatic, or evaporative, cooling can be activated in addition to dry cooling. In the winter months, the system uses geothermal heat or heat recovery to heat the concrete core, as well as supplying underfloor heating. Additional municipal district heating energy is only occasionally fed into the system when and if required. Operating the system in the most cost-saving and sustainable way made it necessary to introduce...

APPLICATION REPORT To record the thermal energy consumed in the heating system, the heating system is additionally equipped with paired OPTITEMP TRA-12 temperature sensors. Based on the flow rates and temperatures, a heat calculator determines the incoming thermal energy and what is consumed and transfers that information to an energy data monitoring system that graphically displays the measured data for visualisation. Since this innovative office building heating of the was installed, natural gas consumption at the site has already been significantly reduced. The volume of natural gas consumed...

APPLICATION REPORT The monitoring system can also be used as an alarm system. Since it is also a building management system (BMS), the operating service is automatically informed in the event of malfunctions and conspicuous measurement deviations. Data monitoring: evaluation of energy consumption (green = geothermal probe field / orange = heat pump / blue = recooling plant) Saving resources in the long term is only possible if energy consumption is precisely measured and evaluated to make processes transparent. Companies that want sustainable energy management need to design their energy networks...

APPLICATION NOTE Flow measurement of superheated steam for an absorption chiller • Energy efficient use of excess heat from cogeneration to drive a chiller • Integrated measurement of flow rate, pressure, temperature and energy in one device • Accurate monitoring of thermal energy consumption at changing process conditions 1. Background A utility company in Latvia operates several combined heat and power (CHP) plants to produce electricity and heat from wood chips and fuel gas. The energy supplier also operates various boiler houses and is responsible for the service and maintenance of a district...

APPLICATION NOTE 3. KROHNE solution The customer opted for a cost-effective yet versatile Vortex flowmeter with integrated temperature and energy calculator. The OPTISWIRL 4200 Vortex flowmeter is designed for energy measurements in steam applications up to +240°C / +464°F. OPTISWIRL 4200 Chilled water supply to Steam inlet Concentrated solution pump Chilled water outlet Absorber heat exchanger As superheated steam is used to drive the generator of the absorption chiller, the KROHNE flowmeter also has an additional built-in pressure sensor. This allows it to compensate for changing temperature...

APPLICATION REPORT Heat metering at a transfer station of a district heating pipeline • Process instrumentation for the sustainable use of thermal energy from a waste-to-energy plant • Monitoring of flow, pressure and temperature in an energy transfer station • Complete solution from a single source for accurate billing of heat in accordance with MI-004, Class 1 1. Background Vestforbrænding is Denmark’s largest waste management company. It provides waste disposal and treatment services to 19 municipalities in Greater Copenhagen and North Zealand. The utility also uses the energy from waste incineration...

APPLICATION REPORT The 3-path ultrasonic flowmeter has a full-bore design without any obstructions, operates without pressure loss and is insensitive to magnetite scaling. It measures with long-term stability over a wide dynamic range and is also ideally suited for measuring conditioned, low-conductivity water, often used to feed district heating networks. The OPTISONIC 3400 District Heating is designed for heat energy measurement and functions as a heat meter in combination with temperature sensors and an energy calculator. To this end, four paired OPTITEMP TRA-T30 temperature sensors were installed...

APPLICATION NOTE Custody transfer (CT) flow measurement for a natural gas fuel system • Flow metering solution for gas supply to load-flexible combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) units • Equipping fuel skids with calibrated metering sections and flow computers • Maintenance-free operation and long-term stable, repeatable flow measurement using ultrasonic gas flowmeters • Complete flow solution from one source: from engineering, instrumentation and flow computing to certification and commissioning 1. Background Combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plants are clean, highly efficient and thanks to their...