Electronic Components Customer Support Locations ASIA Tuopandun Industrial Area, Jinda Cheng, Xiner Village, Shajing Town, Baoan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, China 518125 Tel: 86.755.2726.7238 Fax: 86.755.2726.7515 Cannon & VEAM Fiber Optics Products and Design Guide GERMANY Cannonstrasse 1 Weinstadt, 71384 Tel: 49.7151.699.0 Fax: 49.7151.699.217 ITALY Corso Europa 41/43 Lainate (MI), Italy 20020 Tel: 39.02938721 Fax: 39.0293872300 UK Jays Close, Viables Estate Basingstoke, RG22 4BA Tel: 44.1256.311200 44.1256.323356 Fax: USA (Cannon Products) 666 East Dyer Road Santa Ana, CA 92705 toll free: 1.800.854.3028 1.714.557.4700 Tel: 1.714.628.2142 Fax: USA (VEAM Products) 100 New Wood Road Watertown, CT 06795 Tel: 1.860.274.9681 Fax: 1.860.274.4963 ©2007 ITT Corporation. “Engineered for life” and “Cannon” are registered trademarks of ITT Corporation. Specification and other data are based on information available at the time of printing, and are subject to change without notice. FO-july 07

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide High Performance Fiber Optics Connectors ITT Electronic Components is a division of the multi-national ITT Corporation a $7.5 billion dollar global enterprise. Our extensive portfolio offers the most reliable and cost effective range of interconnect solutions. These innovations have enabled ITT to provide products and technologies to such markets as: • • • • • • • • • • Aerospace Computers Systems Defense Electronics Geophysical Industrial Automation Medical Electronics Network Systems Telecom Switching Underwater Systems Wireless Offering the broadest selections...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide Design Guide Section 1: Introduction to Fiber Optics and Optical Interconnection Technology Fiber Optic Interconnect Product Offerings (Connectors and Cable/Harness Assemblies) Connectors Product Overview Application Guide Product Specification Overview Pages 13-14 Page 15 Page 16-17 Cable / Harness Assemblies Build to Order Typical Cable / Harness Configurations Harness Assembly Worksheet Application Guide Page 18 Pages 19-20 Page 21 Pages 22-23 Product Catalog Ground Tactical / Dock Side Applications The Solution For Extremely Rugged Environmental Multi-fiber...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide Section 1: Introduction to Fiber Optics and Optical Interconnection Technology 1. From Theory to Practical Application: A Quick History Of Fiber Optics An important principle in physics became the theoretical foundation for optical fiber communications: light in a glass medium can carry more information over longer distances than electrical signals can carry in a copper or coaxial medium. The first challenge undertaken by scientists was to develop a glass so pure that one percent of the light would be retained at the end of one kilometer (km), the existing unrepeatered...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide This principle is at the heart of how optical fiber works. Lightwaves are guided through the core of the optical fiber in much the same way that radio frequency (RF) signals are guided through coaxial cable. The lightwaves are guided to the other end of the fiber by being reflected within the core. Controlling the angle at which the light waves are transmitted makes it possible to control how efficiently they reach their destination. The composition of the cladding glass relative to the core glass determines the fiber's ability to reflect light. The difference...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide Singlemode and Multimode Fibers There are two general categories of optical fiber: singlemode and multimode (see Figure 2). Figure 2. Singlemode and Multimode Fibers Multimode Multimode fiber was the first type of fiber to be commercialized. It has a much larger core than singlemode fiber, allowing hundreds of modes of light to propagate through the fiber simultaneously. Additionally, the larger core diameter of multimode fiber facilitates the use of lower-cost optical transmitters (such as light emitting diodes [LEDs] or vertical cavity surface emitting lasers...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide Basic Optical Cable Design There are two basic cable designs: Loose-tube cable, used in the majority of outside-plant installations in North America, and tight-buffered cable, primarily used inside buildings. The modular design of loose-tube cables typically holds up to 12 fibers per buffer tube with a maximum per cable fiber count of more than 200 fibers. Loose-tube cables can be all-dielectric or optionally armored. The modular buffer-tube design permits easy drop-off of groups of fibers at intermediate points, without interfering with other protected buffer...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide 3. Fiber Geometry: A Key Factor in Coupling and System Performance As greater volumes of fiber in higher fiber-count cables are installed, system engineers are becoming increasingly conscious of the impact of splicing and connectors on their systems. Splice yields, connector counts and system losses have a profound impact on the quality of system performance and the cost of installation. Glass geometry, the physical dimensions of an optical fiber, has been shown to be a primary contributor to splice loss and splice yield in the field as well as overall interconnect...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide Core/clad concentricity is determined during the first stages of the manufacturing process, when the fiber design and resulting characteristics are created. During these laydown and consolidation processes, the dopant chemicals that make up the fiber must be deposited with precise control and symmetry to maintain consistent core/clad concentricity performance throughout the entire length of fiber. Fiber Curl Fiber curl is the inherent curvature along a specific length of optical fiber that is exhibited to some degree by all fibers. It is a result of thermal stresses...

Cannon Fiber Optics Design Guide Attenuation of an optical signal varies as a function of wavelength (see Figure 9). Attenuation is very low, as compared to other transmission media (i.e., copper, coaxial cable, etc.), with a typical value of 0.35 dB/km at 1300 nm. Attenuation at 1550 nm is even lower with a typical value of 0.25 dB/km. This gives an optical signal, transmitted through fiber, the ability to travel more than 100 km without regeneration or amplification. Attenuation is caused by several different factors, but scattering and absorption primarily cause it. The scattering of light...