Strain Gages and Accessories
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On hand for all major strain gage (SG) congurations used in experimental stress analysis: > ● integrated solder tabs > ● big solder tabs with strain relief > ● leads (uninsulated, 30 mm long) > ● Teon-insulated connection wires > ● PVC-insulated ribbon cable, alternatively with 2-, 3- or 4-wire circuit; cable length at the customers choice Three strain gage connection variants for the hole drilling method: > ● integrated solder tabs > ● Teon-insulated connection wires > ● PVC ribbon cable >

T rosette with integrated solder tabs Double SG with integrated solder tabsT rosette with big solder tabs with strain relief > ● now also with 1.5 mm grid length and 350 Ω > ● no effects of cable forces on the SG > ● no effects of the solder joint on the measurement properties > ● allows both increased excitation voltage and compact dimensions > 0/4/0hole drilling rosette for the determination of residual stress Full bridge (Poisson full bridge) with inte- grated solder tabs 0/4/0rosette with big solder tabs with strain relief > ● no effects of cable forces on the SG > ● ideally ts the...

Strain gages in railway engineering Experimentalstress analysis on a railway car Strain gages in the manufacture of transducers SG installed on a customized torque transducer > 8Strain Gages and Accessories size="-1">

Strain gagesin the electrical industry For monitoring of the loads during the punching of PCBs Strain gages in the aerospace industry Experimentalstress analysis on an aerospace component Strain gages in themanufacture of transducers SG bridge with integratedcompensating elements on a double bending beam > Strain Gages and Accessories9 size="-1">

HBMs range of strain gages comprises the Y, C, G, K, V series as well as special strain gages. Each series of strain gages features different type series. Many specic- tions are identical for one strain gage series; therefore, in this catalog, the specica- tions of a series are given on the pages preceding the list of individual strain gages. Where the specications of individual strain gages differ from those stated for the other strain gages of a series, these strain gages are provided with a relevant note. The specications and their tolerances are stated in compliance with OIML directive...

The specied active measuring grid length a is the net length of the grid without theend loops (transverse bridges). If the following facts are taken into account, it is possi- ble to cut the carrier foil: Cutting the foil in parallel to the measuring grid has only minor effects. Shortening the carrier foil perpendicular to the direction of the measu- ring grid will inuence the way the strain is introduced, thereby also changing essenti- al characteristics of the strain gage. Therefore we recommend leaving a minimum distance of 1mm between the measuring grid end and the end of the carrier...

A strain gage can be considered as a little heater, converting electrical energy intoheat. To prevent heating of the strain gage it is essential to choose a supply voltage that is not excessively high. The maximum permissible bridge excitation voltage has been computed for each strain gage and is specied in a table in this catalog.The specied excitation voltage always applies for the Wheatstone bridge as a whole.Only half the voltage may be applied to the individual strain gage. The maximum values specied are permissible only for application on materials featuring excellent heat conduction...

The operating temperature range is the ambient temperature range where strain gagescan be used without any permanent changes in their measuring characteristics occur- ring. Depending on whether absolute (with zero point reference) or relative (without zero point reference) measurements are to be carried out, there are different operating tem- perature ranges. > Strain gages that are connected individually show an output signal, if the temperature changes. This signal is called apparent strain or thermal output and is independent of the mechanical load on the test object.However, it is...

The temperature response involves a tolerance and only applies in the temperaturerange of the temperature response matching. This temperature range is specied in the Specications of the individual series in this catalog. Another possibility of compensating the apparent strain is to use appropriate wiring (e.g. circuit with compensating strain gage, half bridge circuit, etc.). > Spring element materials react with a spontaneous positive or negative strain when subjected to a sudden load. In the event of a constant load being applied, the material will continue to strain slowly in load...

The exibility of a strain gage is characterized by the minimum radius of curvaturewhich it will withstand, without any auxiliary measures, in each direction respectively. The polyimide carriers of series Y and C strain gages are exible to an extent that they can be bonded around edges. Although the carrier materials of the other strain gage series are more brittle, they can also be easily prepared for application to smaller radii by thermal pre-forming. Exception: V series strain gages have a bigger radius of curva- ture because of their specic potting. > If a strain gage is subjected to an...

The principle of experimental stress analysis using strain gages consists in using strain gages to measure strains on the component surface. From these measured strains and the known material properties such as modulus of elasticity and Poissons ratio, the absolute value and the direction of these mechanical stresses are determined. These calculations are based on Hookes Law which applies to the elastic deformation range of linear-elastic materials.In experimental stress analysis, so-called 3-grid rosettes are used for strain measure-ment. These are available in 0/45/90and 0/60/90versions...

Below, the principal directions are determined. First the tangent of an auxiliary angle ŏ is calculated.For the 0/45/90rosette according to the formula:and for the 0/60/90rosette according to the formula: Note: The tangent of an angle in the right-angled triangle is the ratio of the oppositeside (numerator N) to the adjacent side (denominator D):This ambiguity of the tangent makes it necessary to determine the signs of the nume-rator (N) and the denominator (D) before carrying out the nal calculation of the two above mentioned quotients. Determining the signs is important because they...