Terahertz Spectrometer C12068 Series ■ Features ● Compact, space-saving design ● Not affected by water vapor in the environment ● Broadband measurement: 0.1 THz to 7 THz ● Excellent reproducibility ■ Applications ● Measurement of optical constants in the terahertz range ● Monitor of crystallinity ● Estimation of water content ● Evaluation of interaction with water ● Other applications of terahertz spectroscopy ■ Outline The C12068 series are an attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectrometer integrating a terahertz wave emitter, detector and total reflection prism into a single unit. ATR spectroscopy using the C12068 series is unaffected by water vapor in the environment and ensures high stability and easy operability. Just placing a liquid or powder sample on the measurement surface allows easily acquiring information on intermolecular vibrations and crystal lattice vibrations. • What is a terahertz wave? This is an electromagnetic wave useful for investigating the resonance frequency of intermolecular vibration. ■ Measurement principle The measurement principle is based on the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. As shown in the figure below, terahertz waves are totally reflected by the sample measurement surface on the total reflection prism. At this point, the evanescent wave exudes into the sample. The exuded evanescent wave interacts with the sample placed on the measurement surface, where the interaction attenuates the reflectance of terahertz waves. Detecting this attenuated reflectance yields spectral information (absorption coefficient, refractive index and complex permittivity) in the terahertz range from the sample. Sample Evanescent wave Total reflection prism

Terahertz Spectrometer C12068 Series ■ Example of measurement Figure 1: Evaluation of crystallinity in water Figure 2: Discrimination of crystalline polymorphism 70 Carbamazepine type I Carbamazepine type III Evaluation of crystallinity is important for low solubility drugs. Evaluation in water is especially important since water affects the crystallization. This graph shows a secondary differential spectrum measured by changing the ratio of crystalline to amorphous nifedipine*1 which is a low solubility drug. Note that the peaks increase with the ratio of crystalline nifedipine. Evaluation of...

Terahertz Spectrometer C12068 Series ■ Specification Parameter Bandwidth *1 Dynamic range *2 Resolution Measurement time *3 Measurement object Control system External control Laser class Dimensions (W × H × D) Weight ≥50 80 ±10 3 Powder, liquid PC (windows10) USB 1.1 Class 1 Approx. 500 × Approx. 313 × Approx. 534 Approx. 50 *1 Bandwidth of generated terahertz waves. Measurable band changes depending on the object to measure. *2 At peak frequency. *3 Depends on the number of integrations. ■ General ratings Parameter Voltage Frequency Power consumption Indoors, no direct sunlight, no vibration...

Terahertz Spectrometer C12068 Series Figure 5: Dimensions (unit: mm) ●Information described in this material current as of February 2021. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Laser Promotion Division, Business Promotion G. 1-8-3, Shinmiyakoda, Kita-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 431-2103, Japan, Telephone: (81)53-484-1301, Fax: (81)53-484-1302, E-mail: [email protected] U.S.A.: Hamamatsu Corporation: 360 Foothill Road, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, U.S.A., Telephone: (1)908-231-0960, Fax: (1)908-231-1218 E-mail: [email protected] Germany: Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH.:...