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Ejector and Vacuum Systems Product

Ejector and Vacuum Systems Product

Product catalog summary

Overview
This document is a comprehensive product catalog for jet pumps, mixers, heaters, and vacuum systems. It includes detailed specifications, procedures, and standards for various types of jet pumps and related equipment.

General Information on Jet Pumps
Jet pumps, also known as ejectors, are devices used for conveying, compressing, or mixing gases, vapors, liquids, or solids. They operate by converting pressure energy into velocity using nozzles and consist of three main parts: the motive nozzle, diffuser, and head. The catalog follows DIN 24290 standards for naming jet pumps based on the motive and suction sides.

Scope of Delivery
The catalog outlines two main delivery fields: standard apparatuses and custom-designed special apparatuses and plants. Standard apparatuses are selected for common tasks, while special apparatuses are designed with the help of specialists and modern research facilities.

Installation and Operation Guidelines
Key considerations include ensuring correct connections, using appropriate pipe diameters, and maintaining favorable flow characteristics. Steam lines should be insulated, and lines should be cleaned before startup to prevent blockages.

Materials Table
The catalog provides an excerpt of materials used in jet pumps, including their EN, AISI/ASTM/UNS designations.

International System of Units
The catalog adheres to the International System of Units (SI) for measurements, with tables for converting between different units of pressure, energy, and capacity.

Conversion Tables
Includes tables for converting English-American units to SI units, temperature conversions between Celsius and Fahrenheit, and various pressure and temperature ranges for water vapor in vacuum and pressure conditions.

Technical Specifications
Detailed specifications are provided for various types of jet pumps, including liquid jet pumps, steam jet pumps, and gas/air jet pumps. Each section includes questionnaires for selecting the appropriate equipment based on specific requirements.

Vacuum Systems
The catalog details multi-stage steam jet vacuum pumps, including those with mixing and surface condensers, and hybrid systems with liquid ring vacuum pumps.

Conclusion
This catalog serves as a detailed guide for selecting and installing jet pumps and related equipment, providing essential information on specifications, materials, and installation practices.

Pressure Definitions and Units
Negative pressure is defined as a condition where the absolute pressure is less than atmospheric pressure. It is used qualitatively, for example, in describing conditions in a suction line. The Latin-derived indices for pressure include 'abs' for absolute, 'amb' for ambient, and 'e' for exceed. The standard unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), but the bar (1 bar = 10⁵ Pa) is commonly used for practical calculations. The vacuum range refers to pressures below atmospheric pressure, where absolute pressure is always used.

Conversion Tables
The document provides extensive conversion tables for pressure, energy, capacity, length, area, volume, mass, density, and temperature between English-American units and the International System of Units (SI). For example, 1 Pa equals 1 N/m², and 1 bar equals 1000 mbar. Energy units include conversions such as 1 kJ equals 0.948 Btu. Temperature conversions are provided between Celsius and Fahrenheit.

Water Vapor Pressure and Temperature Tables
The document includes detailed tables for water vapor pressure and temperature in both vacuum and pressure ranges. These tables provide values for pressure in mbar, temperature in °C, specific volume in m³/kg, enthalpy in kJ/kg, and enthalpy change (Δhv) in kJ/kg. For example, at a pressure of 0.001 mbar, the temperature is -76.19°C with a specific volume of 909000 m³/kg.

Contact Information
GEA Wiegand GmbH is located at Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany. They can be contacted via phone at +49 7243 705-0 or email at [email protected].

Overview: This document provides detailed technical information on water vapor tables, specifically focusing on the properties of saturated steam over a range of temperatures and pressures. It also discusses the condensation of vapor-gas mixtures under vacuum conditions and provides guidelines for maintaining vacuum systems.

Water Vapor Tables: The document includes extensive tables listing the properties of water vapor at various temperatures and pressures. Key parameters include temperature (°C), pressure (bar), specific volume (m³/kg), enthalpy (kJ/kg), and enthalpy of vaporization (kJ/kg). These tables are essential for engineers and scientists working with steam systems.

Condensation Under Vacuum: The document explains the process of condensing vapor-gas mixtures under vacuum. It highlights the need for a vacuum pump to remove non-condensable gases to maintain the required vacuum. The document provides formulas for calculating the composition of saturated gas-vapor mixtures and emphasizes the importance of minimizing air leakage to ensure efficient operation.

Application Examples: Practical examples are provided to illustrate the calculation of vapor and gas mixtures in vacuum systems. These examples demonstrate how to determine the mass flow of vapor and inert gases, and how to calculate the required suction capacity of vacuum pumps.

Vacuum System Maintenance: The document outlines procedures for assessing the airtightness of vacuum systems. It describes how to measure air leakage rates and provides budget values for acceptable leakage levels. The importance of proper sealing and the use of specialized flanged connections to reduce air leakage is emphasized.

Conclusion: The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and managing water vapor properties and vacuum systems. It provides essential data and practical guidance for engineers involved in the design and maintenance of steam and vacuum systems.

Overview: This document provides technical specifications and guidelines for managing air leakage in vacuum vessels, calculating pressure loss in vacuum and water pipelines, and determining mass flow through nozzles. It includes tables and diagrams to assist in the design and operation of vacuum systems and steam jet ejectors.

Air Leakage in Vacuum Vessels: The document outlines expected air leakage rates based on unit volume and connection types. It provides a table with leakage air flow values in kg/h for different sealing methods, such as flanged and welded connections. Additional air leakage is noted for shaft throughputs with normal gland seals.

Admissible Flow Velocity in Vacuum Ducts: The document discusses the relationship between flow velocity and pressure loss in vacuum pipelines. It provides a formula for calculating admissible flow velocity, considering factors like duct length, diameter, and temperature. A graph is included for quick dimensioning of vacuum ducts.

Pressure Loss Calculations: Examples are provided to illustrate the calculation of mass flow, equivalent duct length, and pressure loss in pipelines. The document emphasizes the importance of considering resistance coefficients for pipe bends and valves.

Vapor Flows in Pipes: Tables are provided to show vapor flows in kg/h relative to pressure and pipe diameter. The document highlights that air throughput is approximately double that of vapor.

Mass Flow Through Nozzles: The document explains the calculation of mass flow through nozzles, focusing on critical and supercritical pressure drops. It provides equations and examples for determining mass flow rates, emphasizing the use of motive nozzles for accurate calculations.

Designing Steam Jet Vacuum Pumps: The document outlines the factors affecting suction flow in steam jet vacuum pumps, including suction pressure, molecular mass, and temperature. It references standards for calculating equivalent suction flows and provides a simplified calculation method.

Overview: This document provides technical specifications and operational guidelines for steam jet vacuum pumps and liquid jet vacuum pumps, focusing on suction flow factors, steam consumption, and performance charts for various applications.

Suction Flow Factors: The document explains the use of suction flow factors (f1 and f2) for different gases and vapors, with specific temperature scales for water vapor and other gases. Examples illustrate how to calculate equivalent suction flows using these factors.

Steam Consumption: The steam consumption of a steam jet pump is influenced by the compression ratio (K), expansion ratio (E), and the composition and temperature of the suction flow. The document provides a method to convert operating suction flow into an equivalent water vapor suction flow at 150°C, as per DIN 28430 standards.

Liquid Jet Vacuum Pumps: These pumps are typically operated with water as the motive medium, but other liquids can be used depending on the application. The document describes the operation, including the importance of maintaining low temperatures for the operating liquid to achieve higher vacuum levels.

Performance Charts: The document includes performance charts for liquid jet vacuum pumps with threaded connections, detailing mass suction flow and motive water consumption at various pressures. It also provides guidelines for selecting pump sizes based on evacuation time and vessel volume.

Material and Construction: The document lists the molecular mass of several suction media and provides a questionnaire for specifying the material of construction, connections, and other design parameters for liquid jet vacuum pumps.

Specifications:
Liquid jet vacuum pumps are available in various sizes (0 to 8) with different construction materials such as steel, stainless steel, Hastelloy, Titanium, and plastics (PVC, PP, PVDF, PTFE). Standard constructions include steel housing with stainless steel motive nozzles or completely stainless steel designs. Special constructions are available upon request.

Connections, Dimensions, and Weights:
Each pump size has specific connections for operating water, suction, and pressure, with dimensions and weights varying accordingly. For example, size 0 has a weight of 0.9 kg, while size 3 weighs 3.1 kg.

Applications:
These pumps are used for creating vacuums in laboratories, pilot, and production plants, including vacuum distillation and drying. They are also used for evacuating syphon lines, deaerating pressure vessels, and producing negative pressure in filters.

Performance Charts:
Performance charts provide data on mass suction flow in relation to suction pressure and operating water pressure. For example, a pump size 7 can handle a mass suction flow of 6.8 kg/h at a suction pressure of 100 mbar and a motive water pressure of 5 bar g.

Example Calculations:
Examples are provided to illustrate how to determine the appropriate pump size and motive water consumption based on specific parameters such as suction pressure and motive water pressure.

Design Conditions:
Each liquid jet gas compressor is specially designed for optimal efficiency under various operating conditions. The design considers factors like gas reaction with motive liquid and condensation.

Standard and Special Constructions:
Standard constructions include steel housing with stainless steel nozzles, while special constructions can be made from materials like Hastelloy and Titanium. Connections are made according to EN1092-1 standards.

Questionnaire:
A questionnaire is provided for inquiries, requiring details such as company information, motive medium, flow, pressure, and temperature.

Overview
This document provides technical specifications and operational details for liquid jet liquid pumps, which are used for conveying and mixing liquids in various applications such as water and wastewater treatment plants.

Specifications

Suction Side: Includes parameters like temperature, density, concentration, required discharge pressure, and mixed flow rate.
Outlet: Specifies the concentration and flange standards (EN1092-1, ASME, etc.).
Design Codes: Options include AD-2000, ASME, and others.
Materials: Pumps are available in materials like stainless steel, PVC, PTFE, and others, depending on the application.

Construction and Operation
Liquid jet liquid pumps operate by using a motive liquid jet to suck in another liquid, mix the flows, and convey the mixed flow. The motive liquid has the highest pressure, while the suction flow has the lowest. The total conveying pressure must overcome geodetic height, pipeline resistance, and resistance from installed parts.

Applications
These pumps are used for diluting acids or lyes to specific concentrations required in water treatment plants. They are also used in ion exchangers for regeneration with acid or caustic solutions.

Performance and Design
The performance of the pumps is determined by factors such as pressure ratio, specific liquid consumption, and density ratio. The document includes performance charts and examples to illustrate how to calculate the required motive liquid flow and pump size.

Example Calculation
An example is provided where a suction flow of hydrochloric acid is diluted with water to achieve a specific concentration. The calculation involves determining the motive liquid flow and selecting the appropriate pump size.

Design and Performance Charts
The document includes detailed charts and diagrams showing the relationship between various parameters such as motive liquid flow, suction liquid flow, and effective motive liquid pressure.

Standard and Special Constructions
Pumps are available in standard constructions with specified materials and dimensions. Special constructions are available for specific applications and materials not covered by standard designs.

Contact Information
For further inquiries, the document provides contact details for GEA Wiegand GmbH, including telephone, email, and website information.

Specifications and Procedures:
The document provides detailed specifications for liquid jet pumps and mixers, including their construction, operation, and applications. It outlines the effective motive liquid pressure, suction and discharge pressures, and the necessary flow rates for different pump sizes. The document also includes performance charts and diagrams to assist in selecting the appropriate pump size and configuration.

Construction and Operation:
Liquid jet solids pumps use a motive liquid, typically water, to convey flowable granulate materials. The motive liquid emerges at high velocity, entraining the material in the mixing chamber. The document describes the standard construction materials, such as PTFE and stainless steel, and provides dimensions and weights for various pump sizes.

Applications:
These pumps are used in various industries to convey materials like sand, gravel, and activated carbon, and to fill and empty reactors in water treatment plants. Liquid jet mixers are used to mix and circulate liquids in vessels and storage tanks, with applications limited by the viscosity of the liquid.

Performance and Limitations:
The document specifies the maximum permissible discharge pressure and the required motive liquid flow for different applications. It highlights the importance of maintaining a constant flow and the need for rinse water in certain cases. The document also provides guidelines for selecting the appropriate circulation pump based on the effective motive liquid pressure and flow.

Recommendations and Best Practices:
For optimal performance, jet mixers should be installed at the deepest point in a tank to ensure effective mixing. The document advises on the necessary mixing time and the criteria for evaluating the number of mixers required, such as tank geometry and liquid level.

Data and Charts:
The document includes tables and charts detailing the flow rates, dimensions, and weights of various pump sizes. It also provides performance charts for standard sizes, illustrating the relationship between liquid flow and effective liquid pressure.

Overview: This document provides technical specifications and guidelines for liquid jet mixers and ventilators, primarily used in industrial applications such as food processing and chemical industries. It includes details on construction materials, dimensions, weights, and operational principles.

Specifications:

Materials: Options include stainless steel, PVC, PP, and PTFE, with special constructions available upon request.
Connections: Flanges and threaded connections conform to ISO 228 and EN1092-1 standards.
Dimensions and Weights: Detailed tables provide measurements and weights for various sizes and materials.

Procedures:

Installation: Jet mixers are welded to supply pipes, ensuring no seals are necessary. The design facilitates easy cleaning and prevents residue formation.
Operation: Liquid jet ventilators operate on the jet pump principle, using motive liquid to entrain and convey surrounding gases.

Applications:

Mixing in food processing, such as dissolving sugar and mixing syrups.
Beer fermentation, where jet mixers maintain CO2 bubble columns to enhance fermentation efficiency.
Ventilators are used for drawing off air, gases, or vapor with low pressure differences.

Standards and Recommendations:

Standard constructions are available in various materials, with special constructions available for specific needs.
For inquiries and custom requirements, a detailed questionnaire is provided to gather necessary specifications.

Key Data from Tables and Figures:

Tables provide detailed dimensions and weights for different materials and sizes of jet mixers and ventilators.
Figures illustrate the operational principles and efficiency of liquid jet ventilators, including pressure and flow characteristics.

Contact Information: GEA Wiegand GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany. Contact details are provided for further inquiries and support.

Overview
This document provides detailed technical specifications and operational guidelines for steam jet vacuum pumps and compressors, primarily used in industrial applications such as evacuation, lifting of liquids, and vacuum production.

Specifications
The document outlines the specific steam consumption for single-stage steam jet vacuum pumps, detailing the suction pressure and flow rates. It includes diagrams (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) illustrating the relationship between suction pressure and steam consumption.

Pre-Evacuation
Pre-evacuation is necessary when a plant needs to be evacuated quickly. A pre-evacuator or start-up jet pump is used alongside the main vacuum pump to achieve the desired vacuum level within a specified time. The document provides formulas to calculate the evacuation time and determine the need for a pre-evacuator.

Performance Charts
Performance charts (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) are provided to determine the specific motive steam consumption and the nominal diameter of pre-evacuators based on the required evacuation time and pressure levels.

Vacuum Production and Liquid Lifting
The document explains the operation of steam jet pumps in producing vacuum and lifting liquids. It describes how vacuum is maintained and broken, affecting the lifting process.

Connections, Dimensions, and Weights
Detailed specifications for steam jet vacuum pumps in metal and graphite constructions are provided, including dimensions, weights, and connection types. The document specifies standard and special constructions, with options for customization based on operating conditions.

Operational Behavior
The operational behavior of steam jet compressors is discussed, emphasizing the importance of matching construction to operating conditions for optimal efficiency. The document explains how changes in motive steam pressure and flow affect discharge pressure and suction flow.

Applications
Steam jet compressors are used in various industrial processes such as evaporation, distillation, cooling, and drying under vacuum. They are also used in heat pump applications for heating compressed exhaust vapors.

Advantages
The document highlights the advantages of steam jet compressors, including handling large vapor volumes, low investment costs, long operational life, and high operational safety due to the absence of moving parts.

Overview: The document provides detailed technical information on steam jet compressors and ventilators, focusing on their specifications, applications, and construction. It includes diagrams and tables to illustrate the relationships between various operational parameters.

Specifications: The document outlines the specifications for steam jet compressors, including the relationship between suction flow, suction pressure, and discharge pressure. It explains how these variables interact at a constant motive steam pressure, with a qualitative graph provided for better understanding.

Adjustment Procedures: Several methods for adjusting steam jet compressors are discussed, such as changing the motive nozzles, throttling the motive steam, and using nozzle needles. These adjustments help accommodate varying operating conditions and optimize steam consumption.

Applications: Steam jet compressors are used in various applications, including refrigeration, vacuum generation for deodorizing edible oils, and heat recovery in distillation plants. The document also describes the use of steam jet ventilators for conveying air, gases, and vapors.

Construction and Materials: The document details the construction materials for steam jet compressors and ventilators, including standard and special constructions. It highlights the use of materials like cast iron, stainless steel, and special alloys for different operational requirements.

Advantages: Key advantages of steam jet ventilators include no moving parts, maintenance-free operation, and the ability to handle large pressure differentials. They can be constructed from various materials, offering flexibility in design and application.

Diagrams and Tables: The document includes several figures and tables that provide dimensions, weights, and connection details for different models of steam jet compressors and ventilators. These visual aids help in understanding the technical specifications and installation requirements.

Conclusion: The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding the operation, adjustment, and application of steam jet compressors and ventilators. It emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate materials and configurations to meet specific industrial needs.

Overview
This document provides technical specifications and operational guidelines for steam jet liquid pumps and steam jet heaters, primarily used in industrial applications such as the nuclear industry and chemical processing.

Steam Jet Liquid Pumps
Specifications: These pumps are constructed from resistant stainless steel and are designed to meet specific industry standards and tests. They are available in different classes (A and B) based on suction height and discharge pressure requirements.
Class A: Suitable for low suction heights up to 1 m and high discharge pressures. Example calculations are provided for determining pump size and steam consumption based on specific operational parameters.
Class B: Designed for larger suction heights and moderate discharge pressures. The document includes examples and diagrams to assist in selecting the appropriate pump size and steam pressure.
Construction: Standard constructions include various materials like steel and stainless steel, with special constructions available for specific applications, including the nuclear industry.

Steam Jet Heaters
General Information: These heaters are used for heating liquids by direct steam injection, suitable for applications such as heating water for industrial processes.
Features: They offer low noise operation, simple construction, no moving parts, and high reliability. Heating capacity is adjustable.
Construction Forms: Available in different types for vessel installation or pipe systems, with materials including cast iron and stainless steel.

Performance and Operational Guidelines
The document includes performance charts and diagrams illustrating the relationship between steam pressure, suction capacity, and temperature. It emphasizes the importance of considering liquid temperature and specific gravity, as these factors affect pump performance.

Connections and Dimensions
Detailed tables provide information on connections, dimensions, and weights for various pump sizes, along with standard and special construction options.

Application and Inquiry
For inquiries, a questionnaire is provided to specify requirements such as motive pressure, suction medium, and construction materials. The document also outlines the application process for steam jet heaters, emphasizing the importance of direct steam condensation for efficient heating.

Overview: The document provides detailed technical specifications and operational guidelines for various types of steam jet heaters used in heating liquids through direct steam condensation. It includes performance charts, installation examples, and construction details for different heater models.

Specifications: The document describes steam jet heaters with threaded and flanged connections, requiring a minimum steam overpressure of 1.5 bar for optimal operation. It includes performance charts indicating heat flow and condensate flow, essential for calculating the actual heat transferred to the liquid.

Installation and Operation: Steam jet heaters can be installed in any position, with specific guidelines for air supply to enhance liquid circulation and prevent condensation issues. The document provides examples of installations for different heater types, emphasizing the importance of proper steam valve placement and downstream smoothing sections.

Performance Charts: The charts illustrate the relationship between steam pressure, heat flow, and steam consumption for various heater sizes. They are crucial for determining the appropriate heater size and steam consumption based on specific heating requirements.

Construction Details: Standard constructions include housings made of cast iron or stainless steel, with motive nozzles also in stainless steel. Special constructions with materials like Hastelloy or Titan are available upon request. The document specifies dimensions, weights, and connection standards for each heater type.

Applications: Steam jet heaters are used in passage and circulation heating systems, capable of heating liquids up to 90 K per pass. They are suitable for various industrial applications, including batch processes, with control ranges up to 200:1 for certain models.

Examples and Calculations: The document provides examples of heater selection and steam consumption calculations based on specific flow rates and temperature requirements. It emphasizes the importance of considering liquid inlet pressure and steam pressure in determining the appropriate heater size.

Installation Information:

Vertical installation is required with steam supply from top to bottom.
The direction of liquid flow can be adjusted by replacing the condensation nozzle.
A steam control valve should be installed directly on the steam connection.

Steam Jet Heater System:

Components include housing, condensation nozzle, and diffuser.
Key pressures: liquid inlet pressure (pF), steam pressure (pD), and discharge pressure (p).

Performance and Specifications:

The flow rate and pressure loss determine the size of the steam jet heater.
Temperature differences greater than 10°C between inlet and outlet reduce pressure loss, improving heat transfer.
Steam consumption is calculated based on flow rate, density, specific heat capacities, temperature difference, and enthalpy of steam.

Example Calculation:

For a circulating flow of 50 m³/h heated from 40°C to 80°C with steam at 3 bar, the required liquid inlet pressure is 0.7 bar g.

Construction and Materials:

Standard construction materials include cast iron, steel, and stainless steel, with special materials available on request.
Flanges conform to EN1092-1 PN 16 standards.

Gas Jet Vacuum Pumps and Compressors:

Used for evacuating pipelines, vessels, and plants, and for mixing and compressing gases.
Operate by converting pressure energy into speed energy using gas or compressed air as the motive medium.

Applications:

Typical applications include evacuation of siphoning installations and elevation of liquids with gas/air.
Gas jet compressors can mix natural gas with other gases for combustion in boiler plants.

Materials and Construction:

Available in materials such as cast iron, steel, stainless steel, and special materials like Titanium and Hastelloy.

Air Jet Vacuum Pumps:

Used when steam is unavailable, providing a vacuum of 40 to 5 mbar.
Operate using atmospheric air as the motive medium, backed by a liquid ring vacuum pump.

Material of Construction and Connections: The document outlines the materials used for constructing gas jet ventilators, including cast iron, steel, stainless steel, and plastics. It also mentions the types of connections available, such as flanges and threads.

Design Codes and Applications: The design codes mentioned include AD-2000 and ASME. Applications for gas jet ventilators include ventilating tanks, deaerating reaction vessels, and use in industries like textile and chemical factories.

Design Specifications: The document specifies design parameters such as temperature and pressure, with gas jet ventilators operating up to a pressure difference of 500 mbar.

Advantages of Gas Jet Ventilators: Key advantages include no moving parts, maintenance-free operation, and suitability for various installation positions. They are also noted for low acquisition costs and long life when constructed from suitable materials.

Motive Medium and Consumption: The document explains that steam or liquid can be used as the motive medium, with diagrams provided to estimate motive medium consumption based on suction flow and pressure.

Construction and Applications of Steam Jet Vacuum Pumps: Steam jet vacuum pumps are described as having no moving parts and being suitable for large suction flows. They are used in various applications, including evaporators and distillation plants, and can be constructed from materials like cast iron and stainless steel.

Multi-Stage Steam Jet Vacuum Pumps: These pumps are used for low suction pressures and involve multiple stages with condensers to reduce energy requirements. They are designed for pressures as low as 0.01 mbar and can be constructed with mixing or surface condensers.

Design and Operation of Multi-Stage Pumps: Detailed descriptions of the stages in multi-stage steam jet vacuum pumps are provided, including the use of mixing and surface condensers to manage suction flow and steam consumption.

Overview: The document provides detailed technical specifications and operational guidelines for various steam jet vacuum pumps used in the plastics industry, particularly focusing on their application in processes involving ethylene glycol. It includes descriptions of different pump configurations, materials used, and their specific applications.

Specifications:

Total Suction Flow: Approximately 1,050 kg from different pressure levels.
2-Stage Steam Jet Vacuum Pump: Suction capacity of 110 kg/h from 35 mbar.
3-Stage Steam Jet Vacuum Pump: Suction flow of 13,180 kg/h with a suction pressure of 4.5 kPa abs and discharge pressure of 110 kPa abs.

Design and Operation:

Steam jet liquid ring vacuum pumps are suitable for installations with limited height, offering low steam and water consumption.
Hybrid systems combine steam jet pumps with liquid ring vacuum pumps, reducing operating costs.
Multi-stage pumps in graphite are used for extracting corrosive gases, especially where halogen compounds are present.

Materials and Construction:

Graphite is used for constructing surface condensers and jet pumps due to its resistance to corrosion and temperature changes.
Standard constructions are available for various suction capacities and pressures, with modular units allowing for easy customization.

Applications:

Steam jet vacuum pumps are used in synthetic fiber production, distillation, steel degassing, deodorizing, and vacuum drying.
Laboratory steam jet vacuum pumps are used in chemical laboratories and pilot plants, offering portability and quick connection to vacuum consumers.

Special Features:

High vacuum capabilities down to 0.05 mbar.
Re-cooling of operating liquid in liquid ring vacuum pumps.
Use of surface condensers to prevent contact between process fluids and cooling water.

Overview: This document provides detailed technical specifications and guidelines for the design and operation of laboratory steam jet vacuum pumps. It includes information on suction capacity, pressure, and the types of installations suitable for different operational needs.

Capacity and Consumption Data: The document lists various models of steam jet vacuum pumps, indicating their suction capacity, suction pressure, and whether they are designed for once-through or re-circulated cooling water. For example, model 01.1-K has a suction capacity of 0.1 kg/h at a suction pressure of 1 mbar, with cooling water re-circulation.

Key Design Considerations: Important factors in designing steam jet vacuum pumps include suction flow, suction pressure, type of condensation, installation type, motive steam properties, cooling water properties, materials of construction, and evacuation time. The document emphasizes the importance of accurately determining the maximum suction flow and the impact of suction pressure on steam consumption.

Suction Flow: The steam consumption depends on whether the complete suction flow is conveyed or only a part of it. The document discusses the differentiation between non-condensable and condensable constituents of the suction flow and the importance of understanding the vapor pressure curves and molecular weights of the substances involved.

Suction Pressure: Suction pressure is determined by process requirements, and excessive safety margins can lead to increased steam and cooling water consumption. The document provides a diagram showing the increase in steam consumption with decreasing suction pressure.

Condensation: Condensation is typically achieved using water-cooled mixing condensers or surface condensers. Mixing condensers are less expensive and simpler in design but are not suitable for extracting soluble gases. Surface condensers separate the process fluid from the cooling water and are used when environmental considerations prevent mixing.

Installation Types: The document describes barometric, semi-barometric, and non-barometric installations, each with specific requirements and advantages. Barometric installations allow for free drainage of cooling water, while non-barometric installations require less height and can be used in confined spaces.

Motive Steam Properties: Steam jet vacuum pumps can operate with motive steam pressures ranging from 1 to 40 bar g. The document advises using the steam pressure for which the pump is designed to ensure proper functioning and efficiency.

Overview: The document provides a comprehensive guide on the design, operation, and optimization of steam jet vacuum pumps, including their applications, advantages, and material considerations.

1. Product-Steam Operated Jet Vacuum Pumps: These pumps primarily use water steam but can also utilize process vapors for environmental benefits. They offer advantages such as simple structure, high reliability, low maintenance, and no wastewater production due to condensate recycling.

2. Cooling Water Considerations: The performance of steam jet vacuum pumps is highly dependent on cooling water temperature. The document discusses the impact of varying water temperatures and the importance of maintaining consistent cooling water pressure to ensure optimal operation.

3. Materials of Construction: The choice of materials for steam jet vacuum pumps is crucial, especially when using sea or brackish water for cooling. Common materials include steel and stainless steel, with options for corrosion-resistant coatings or alternative materials like Hastelloy and titanium.

4. Evacuation Time: The time to achieve the desired vacuum level depends on several factors, including system volume and leakage rates. Auxiliary start-up pumps may be necessary for faster evacuation times.

5. Design Codes: While steam jet vacuum pumps do not require official acceptance procedures, surface condensers may need to adhere to pressure vessel codes for future use at higher pressures.

6. Steam Jet vs. Steam Jet/Liquid Ring Pump Combination: The document outlines scenarios where combining steam jet pumps with liquid ring pumps is advantageous, particularly when dealing with low motive steam pressure or large suction flows.

7. Optimization Factors: Key considerations for optimizing pump selection include non-condensable gas fractions, cooling water temperatures, utility costs, and expected service life. The document emphasizes the importance of circulating operating water to reduce wastewater costs.

8. Planning and Questionnaire: A detailed questionnaire is provided to assist in the planning and specification of steam jet vacuum pumps, covering aspects such as suction flow, pressure, installation type, and material requirements.

Catalog excerpts

Product Catalog Jet Pumps Mixers, Heaters Vacuum Systems

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Page Index General information on jet pumps 7 abll Materials table (excerpt) 9 abll International System of Units 11 abl2 Conversion tables for different units of measurement 12 abl2 Measurement conversion table, conversion of english-american units in the International System of Units (SI) and vice versa 13 abl3 Temperature conversion table, °C in °F and vice versa 14 abl3 Water vapor pressure table, vacuum range (saturated steam) 15 abl5 Water vapor temperature table, vacuum range (saturated steam) 16 abl5 Water vapor pressure table, pressure range 1-70 bar (saturated steam) 17 abl6 Water vapor...

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Basics and und Grundlagen worksheets Arbeitsblätter • General information on jet pumps • Materials table (excerpt) • International System of Units • Conversion tables for different units of measurement • Measurement conversion table, conversion of english-american units in the International System of Units (SI) and vice versa • Temperature conversion table, °C in °F and vice versa • Water vapor pressure table, vacuum range (saturated steam) • Water vapor temperature table, vacuum range (saturated steam) • Water vapor pressure table, pressure range 1-70 bar (saturated steam) • Water vapor temperature...

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Jet pumps, also referred to as ejectors, are devices for the conveyance, compression or mixing of gases, vapors, liquids or solids in which a gaseous or liquid medium serves as the motive force. They operate by the conversion of pressure energy into velocity in suitable nozzles. They are “pumps without moving parts”. The basic principle of jet pumps consists in the liquid or gas jet being emitted by a nozzle at high speed entraining and accelerating the surrounding liquid, gas or solid matter. The result of this action is a mixture of the driving and entrained (sucked) fluids, the velocity of...

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The scope of delivery of the jet pumps department of GEA Wiegand is divided into two main fields. 1) DELIVERY OF STANDARD APPARATUSES This catalog gives a wide selection. The types and sizes are selected such that for usual tasks a suitable unit can always be found. Description and capacity curves and the corresponding sheets allow the correct choice. 2) DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND DELIVERY OF SPECIAL APPARATUSES AND PLANTS For this purpose our well-trained staff of specialists in jet pumps and vacuum systems is available. In our modern Research Laboratory, the required analyses, research work and...

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Material no. Short name acc. to EN 10088-2 AISI/ASTM/UNS-Type UNS Availability on request VB M engineering for m a better world Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany chemical©gea.com, gea.com

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The units for measurement and weight are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) recommended by the International Organisation of Standardisation (ISO). For the technical range which is the subject matter of this catalog, the following basic units of measurement and the corresponding abbreviations, taken from the International System of Units, shall apply. THE MOST IMPORTANT OF THE DERIVED UNITS ARE: The table Conversion from technical system of units to international system of units shows a comparison between the earlier used Technical System of Units and the newly, legally...

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The following tables show the units of measurement for pressure, energy and capacity in use ever since in comparison to the units of the international system of units (SI). PRESSURE UNITS ENERGY UNITS CAPACITY UNITS PRESSURE, DEFINITION OF TERMS AND UNITS In technology, various units of pressure are used. A differentiation is made between absolute pressure, differential pressure and gauge pressure. absolute pressure pabs. takes as its basis zero pressure of a pure vacuum. differential pressure Ap is the difference between two pressures. gauge pressure pe is the difference between an absolute...

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English- Internat. units units Internat. system of units Internat. system of units Internat. system of units Heat / heat units Heat / heat units 1 kJ 0.948 Btu Heat capacity Specific heat capacity Thermal conductivity Heat transfer Fouling factor Heat flux density J wa Jft engineering for m a better world Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany chemical©gea.com, gea.com

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The temperature values to be converted are given in the coloured centre column. The corresponding values in °C are given left of the centre column, the values in °F are given right of the centre column. EXAMPLES: 1. Value to be converted (centre column) 20 °C = + 68 °F (right column) 2. Value to be converted (centre column) 20 °F = - 6.6 °C (left column) CONVERSION EQUATION: abl3 18 14 wa Jft engineering for m a better world Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany chemical©gea.com, gea.com

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mbar °C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg 1. "Thermodynamische Diagramme" Z. Kaltetechnik, 17. (1965) S. 299-301 2. VDI Water vapor tables VB M engineering for m a better world Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany chemical©gea.com, gea.com

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abl5 18 Water vapor temperature tableVacuum range (saturated steam) J 16 wa Jft engineering for m a better world Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany chemical©gea.com, gea.com

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Documentation: VDI Water vapor tables VB M engineering for m a better world Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany [email protected], gea.com

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abl6 18 Water vapor temperature tableTemperature range 100-300 °C (saturated steam) J T p v" h" Ahv Documentation: VDI Water vapor tables 18 wa Jft engineering for m a better world Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany [email protected], gea.com

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If mixtures of vapors and gases are condensed under vacuum, the gases and certain portions of non-condensed vapors will have to be drawn off by means of a vacuum pump in order to maintain the required vacuum in the condenser. The drawn-off gases (e.g. air) are saturated with the vapors of the partly condensed components. In the following it is assumed that these components are insoluble in each other in the liquid phase. Condensation of a component of such a gas-vapor mixture will take place if this component is brought to a saturated steam condition (dew point) by cooling the mixture. A saturated...

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