Steam Velocity Determination:
The document provides a formula for calculating the velocity of steam in pipes. The velocity is determined using the nominal pipe section area (A), diameter (d), and specific volume (V) from steam tables. The formula is:
Velocity (ft/s) = (25)(A) / (V) π(d)2 / 4
It is important to note that the specific volume changes with steam pressure and temperature, and velocities should be calculated for both inlet and outlet piping of the regulator.
Recommended Steam Pipe Velocities:The document lists recommended steam velocities under different conditions:
- For saturated and dry steam at pressures from 0 to 1 bar (0 to 15 psig), the velocity is 100 ft/s (30.5 m/s).
- For saturated and dry steam at 1 bar (15 psig), the velocity is 175 ft/s (53.3 m/s).
- For superheated steam at 13.8 bar (200 psig), the velocity is 250 ft/s (76.2 m/s).
Typical Condensation Rates in Insulated Steam Pipes:
The document provides typical condensation rates per foot of pipe with 2 inches of insulation, at various pressures and pipe diameters. Rates are given in kg/hour (lb/hour) and vary with pipe diameter and pressure.
Typical Condensation Rates in Uninsulated Steam Pipes:
Similar to the insulated pipes, the document lists condensation rates for uninsulated pipes at ambient air temperature of 22°C (72°F). Rates are provided per foot of bare pipe and vary with pipe diameter and pressure.
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