General Concepts on Centrifugal FansThis section provides an overview of centrifugal fans, focusing on their construction, orientations, characteristics, noise levels, fittings, and special constructions. Centrifugal fans consist of a scroll with a rotating wheel powered by an external energy source, typically an electric motor. Key characteristics include delivery, pressure, efficiency, and rotation speed.
Specifications and Performance
The document details various fan series (EUc, EUMc, TRc, TTRc) with specific uses, performance metrics, and overall dimensions. Performance is measured in terms of delivery (m3/min, m3/h), total pressure (kgf/m2, Pa), dynamic pressure, speed, noise level (dB/A), power absorbed (kW), and efficiency.
Construction and Standards
Fans are constructed according to UNI EN ISO 13349 (2009) standards. Different executions describe belt drive configurations, maximum air temperatures, and motor positions.
Symbols and Units
The document includes a table of symbols and measurement units used throughout, such as delivery (V), total pressure (pt), dynamic pressure (pd), speed (c2), fan rounds (n), noise level (Lp), power (P), and efficiency (η).
Technical Formulas
Formulas are provided for calculating dynamic pressure, efficiency, and variations in fan characteristics due to changes in rotation speed and air specific gravity. The document also includes tables for air specific gravity at various temperatures and barometric pressure at different altitudes.
Accessories and Components
Sections cover accessories, types of support and bearings, and spare parts nomenclature, providing comprehensive information on fan components and their configurations.
Specifications
The document outlines the characteristics of centrifugal fans, focusing on their operation at a standard air temperature of 15°C, barometric pressure of 760 mm Hg, and specific gravity of 1.226 kg/m3. It adheres to the UNI EN ISO 5801:2009 (UNI 10531:1995) standards.
Key Parameters- Flow Rate (V): Measured in m3/sec, m3/min, or m3/h, representing the volume of fluid moved by the fan.
- Pressure (pt): Expressed in kgf/m2 or Pa, it is the sum of static and dynamic pressures.
- Efficiency (η): The ratio of energy supplied to the fluid by the fan to the energy consumed by the external source, calculated as η = V • pt / (6120 • P).
- Rotation Speed (n): The number of revolutions per minute required to achieve desired performance.
Performance Variations- With Constant Air Specific Gravity:
- Flow rate varies directly with the rotation ratio.
- Pressure varies with the square of the rotation ratio.
- Power varies with the cube of the rotation ratio.
- With Constant Rotation Speed:
- Flow rate remains constant.
- Pressure and power vary directly with the ratio of specific gravities.
Air Specific Gravity
Calculated using the formula γ = 1.293 • 273 / (273 + t) (kg/m3), where t is the air temperature in °C. Changes in atmospheric pressure affect air density, calculated as γ = Pb • 13.59 / (29.27 • (273 + t)) (kg/m3), where Pb is the atmospheric pressure in mm Hg.
Noise Levels
Sound pressure levels are expressed in decibels (dB/A) and measured at a distance of 1.5 meters from the fan.
Orientation and Accessories
Fans can be constructed in 16 different orientations, with clockwise (RD) and counterclockwise (LG) rotation options. Accessories available upon request include inspection doors and drainage plugs for condensation removal.
Specifications and FeaturesThe document outlines various specifications and features of
industrial fans. Key components include anti-vibration joints to prevent vibration transmission, safety grates for accident prevention, and flow regulators to maintain efficiency. Special constructions are available for spark-proof and corrosion-proof needs, using non-ferrous materials and special coatings.
Noise Level
Noise levels are measured in decibels (dB/A) at a distance of 1.5 meters, following UNI EN ISO standards.
Orientations
Fans can be constructed in 16 different positions, with both clockwise and counterclockwise rotations, as per DIN standards.
Accessories
Optional accessories include inspection doors, discharge caps, and various regulators and safety features.
Special Constructions
Spark-proof and corrosion-proof constructions are available for specific environments, using materials like austenitic stainless steels (AISI 304-316).
Air Speed and Environment Requirements
The document provides practical air speed values for different materials and environments, such as cereals dust (16-19 m/s) and metallic dust (25-38 m/s). It also lists recommended air change rates for various environments, such as hospitals (6 changes/hour) and swimming pools (25 changes/hour).
Specifications
The document provides specifications for high-output centrifugal fans suitable for the suction of dust, fumes, granulates, and small wooden shavings mixed with air, excluding filament materials. These fans are characterized by high efficiency due to the use of a fan wheel with reversed blades and a flat power absorption curve to prevent motor overload.
Operating Conditions
The fans are designed for environments where harmful air needs to be transported at temperatures up to 90°C. For higher temperatures (up to 350°C), a special cooling fan is used, and the fan is coated with high-temperature aluminum paint.
Applications
These fans are used in various industries, including carpentry, mechanical, cement, ceramic, tannery, foundry, milling, and chemical industries.
Air Velocity and Air Exchange Rates
The document lists practical air velocity values for different materials in duct systems, ranging from 12 to 38 m/s, depending on the material type. It also provides air exchange rates for various environments, such as 60 changes per hour for power plants and 25 for swimming pools.
Technical Specifications
Maximum permissible fan speeds are specified for different temperature ranges, with noise level tolerances and power consumption tolerances outlined. The document includes detailed dimensions and installation orientations according to UNI ISO 13349 standards.
Key Recommendations
Consult the technical office for operations within the specified 'yellow zone' parameters, indicating critical operational conditions.
Specifications Overview
The document outlines specifications for a series of fans, detailing their characteristics, dimensions, and operational parameters. It includes information on various series such as EUc 1001, EUc 1121, EUc 1251, EUc 1401, EUc 1601, and EUc 1801.
Key Specifications- Maximum Admissible Rounds: Varies by temperature, with specific limits set for <90°C, 90-200°C, and 200-350°C.
- Noise Level Tolerance: A tolerance of +3 dBA is specified.
- Power Consumption Tolerance: ±3% tolerance on the power consumed by the fan.
- Overall Dimensions: Provided in millimeters for each series.
- Weight: Varies by series, with specific weights provided.
- Housing Support: Specific support models are mentioned for each series.
Operational Guidelines- Fans are not revolvable, indicating fixed installation orientation.
- Rotation Directions: Both counter-clockwise and clockwise rotations are specified.
Standards and Compliance- UNI ISO 13349: The document references orientations and standards as per UNI ISO 13349, focusing on transmission side views.
Critical Parameters- Maximum Admissible Rounds: Specific limits are set based on temperature ranges.
- Noise and Power Tolerances: Both have specified tolerances to ensure operational efficiency and compliance.
Recommendations- Consult the technical office for operations within the 'Yellow Zone' as indicated in the document.
Specifications
The document outlines the specifications for a series of high-efficiency centrifugal fans. These fans are designed for use in various industrial applications such as drying plants, pneumatic transport systems, fume extraction, and forced draft in chimneys. They are capable of transporting granulated materials and sawdust mixed with air, excluding filamentous materials. The fans feature a high output due to the use of a fan wheel with reversed blades and a special profile. They are characterized by a flat power absorption curve, preventing motor overload even when operating with free throats.
Operating Conditions
The fans can operate at maximum temperatures of 90°C, with special provisions for temperatures up to 350°C. For higher temperatures, a small heat-stopping fan is attached to the shaft, and the fan is painted with special aluminum paint for high temperatures.
Noise and Power Tolerances
The noise level tolerance is +3 dBA, and the power consumption tolerance is ±3%.
Dimensions and Weight
The document provides detailed dimensions in millimeters and weights for different fan models. The fans are not revolvable, and specific housing supports are mentioned.
Installation and Use
The fans are suitable for installation in various industries, including carpentry, mechanical, cement, ceramic, tannery, foundry, milling, and chemical industries. They are used in applications requiring the transport of harmful air.
Standards and Guidelines
The document references UNI ISO 13349 standards for fan orientation and installation guidelines.
Graphical Data
The document includes graphical data on performance metrics such as power absorption, efficiency percentages, and maximum admissible rounds per minute for different temperature ranges.
Specifications and Characteristics
The document outlines the specifications for various fan series (EUMc 401, 451, 501, 561, 631) with details on dimensions, weight, and housing. Each fan is described as revolvable, with specific orientations and dimensions provided in millimeters.
Maximum Admissible RoundsThe maximum permissible rotations per minute (RPM) vary with temperature:
- For temperatures below 90°C, RPM ranges from 3150 to 4500 depending on the series.
- For temperatures between 90°C and 200°C, RPM ranges from 2800 to 3700.
- For temperatures between 200°C and 350°C, RPM ranges from 2400 to 3300.
Noise and Power Tolerances
Noise level tolerance is set at +3 dBA, and the power consumed by the fan has a tolerance of ±3% across all series.
Orientation and Installation Notes
Fans from size 451 to 501 have a default orientation angle of 30° instead of 45° due to internal construction reasons. If a 45° orientation is required, it must be specified at the time of ordering.
Technical Consultation
For any issues or specific requirements, the document advises consulting the technical office, especially when dealing with the 'Yellow Zone' specifications.
Graphical Data
The document includes graphical data on performance metrics such as pressure (ptPa), volume flow rate (m³/h), and power (kw/ass) across different fan speeds and conditions.
Specifications The document outlines specifications for a series of high-output centrifugal fans, suitable for the suction of dust, fumes, granulates, and small wooden shavings mixed with air, excluding filament materials. These fans are characterized by high efficiency due to the use of a fan wheel with reversed blades.
Procedures The fans are designed for use in environments such as woodworking shops, mechanical industries, cement factories, ceramics, tanneries, foundries, milling industries, and chemical industries. They are suitable for transporting harmful air with a maximum temperature of 90°C. For temperatures between 90°C and 350°C, a special fan is mounted on the shaft, and the fan is painted with a special aluminum paint for high temperatures.
Standards and Recommendations The document references UNI ISO 13349 for orientation rules on the transmission side. It also specifies maximum admissible rounds per minute based on temperature ranges, with noise level tolerance and power consumption tolerance both set at ±3%.
Dimensions and Weight The document provides detailed dimensions in millimeters for various fan models, along with their respective weights. The fans are not rotatable, and specific housing supports are recommended for each model.
Performance Parameters The document includes tables with performance data such as power consumption (kw), rotational speed (giri/min), and noise levels (dBA) at different efficiency percentages. Maximum permissible speeds are specified for different temperature ranges.
Critical Information The fans are not suitable for filament materials, and technical consultation is advised for operations within the 'yellow zone' as indicated in the document. The document emphasizes the importance of adhering to specified tolerances and operational limits to ensure optimal performance and safety.
Specifications The document describes a series of high-efficiency centrifugal fans suitable for extracting dust, smoke, granules, and small wood chips, excluding filamentous materials. These fans are designed to transport materials mixed with air without overloading the motor, even when operating with free throats. They are applicable in various industries such as carpentry, mechanical, cement, ceramics, tanneries, foundries, milling, and chemical industries. The fans can handle harmful air with a maximum temperature of 90°C. For temperatures between 90°C and 350°C, a cooling fan is attached to the shaft, and the fan is painted with special aluminum paint for high temperatures.
Procedures The fans are installed in environments where the transportation of dusty air is necessary. They are characterized by a very flat power absorption curve, ensuring the motor is not overloaded. The fans are revolvable, allowing for flexible installation orientations.
Standards and Recommendations The document references UNI ISO 13349 for orientation rules, indicating compliance with international standards for fan installation and operation. Noise level tolerance is specified at +3 dBA, and power consumption tolerance is ±3%.
Key Parameters Maximum admissible rounds vary with temperature: <90°C = 5000 rpm, 90-200°C = 4500 rpm, 200-350°C = 4000 rpm. The fans' dimensions and weights are provided, with specific models having different specifications.
Limitations The fans are not suitable for transporting filamentous materials. For fluid temperatures above 90°C, additional cooling mechanisms are required.
Best Practices For applications within the yellow zone, consulting the technical office is recommended to ensure optimal performance and safety.
Specifications and Applications
The document provides detailed specifications for a series of centrifugal fans, specifically designed for the suction of wood shavings, paper offcuts, and filament materials. These fans are equipped with radial blades and are open, making them suitable for environments like carpenter shops, tanneries, paper factories, and bookbinderies where normal wheels might get obstructed. It is recommended to select a motor with 25% additional power to account for potential errors in circuit leak evaluations.
Operating Conditions
The fans have specific maximum admissible rounds per minute, which vary depending on the temperature range (<90°C and 90-200°C). Noise level tolerance is set at +3 dBA, and the power consumption tolerance is ±3%.
Dimensions and Orientation
The document includes detailed dimensions in millimeters for various fan models, indicating that some fans are revolvable while others are not. The orientation of the fans can be adjusted for counter-clockwise or clockwise rotation.
Technical Consultation
For specific technical queries, the document advises consulting the technical office, especially when dealing with the 'Yellow Zone' as per the UNI ISO 13349 standards.
Key Data from Tables and Graphs
The document contains tables and graphs illustrating performance metrics such as power consumption (kw), noise levels (dBA), and operational efficiency percentages. These are crucial for understanding the fan's performance under different conditions and ensuring optimal selection and usage.
Specifications
The document outlines specifications for a series of fans, including tolerances for power consumption and noise levels. The power consumption tolerance is ±3% for the fans, and the noise level tolerance is +3 dBA. The maximum admissible rounds vary depending on the temperature, with specific limits set for temperatures below 90°C and between 90°C to 200°C.
Dimensions
Overall dimensions are provided in millimeters for various fan models, with specific weights and housing supports detailed. The fans are noted as non-revolvable, meaning they cannot be rotated.
Procedures and Recommendations
The document advises consulting the technical office when dealing with the 'Yellow Zone,' indicating areas that may require special attention or expertise. It also references compliance with UNI ISO 13349 standards for fan orientations from the transmission side.
Performance Parameters
Performance data includes maximum permissible speeds (giri/min) and power absorption (kw/ass) for different fan models. The document provides detailed performance charts showing relationships between pressure (ptPa), volume flow (m3/h), and speed (n giri/min).
Norms and Standards
The document references UNI ISO 13349 standards for fan orientations, ensuring compliance with international norms for fan installations and operations.