Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration
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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 1

MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE Application Guide Industrial Refrigeration Components for CO2 applications www.danfoss.com/ir

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 3

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Contents Page Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 General information about CO2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Design pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 4

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications 2 DKRCI.PA.000.D3.02 / 520H0243 Danfoss A/S (AC-MCI/MWA), 2012-03

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 5

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Introduction The objective of this application guide is to provide an overview of which Danfoss Industrial Refrigeration products are suitable for use in CO2 applications. For further background information about CO2 as a refrigerant, please refer to the Danfoss article "CO2 Refrigerant for Industrial Refrigeration". Today, Danfoss is offering a broad programme of industrial products applicable for CO2, however this is dependent on demands regarding the design pressure. The table on page 8 lists the components which are suitable for CO2...

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 6

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Material compatibility CO2 is compatible with almost all common metallic materials, unlike NH3. There are no restrictions from a compatibility point of view, when using copper or brass. The compatibility of CO2 and polymers is much more complex. As CO2 is a very inert and stable substance, the chemical reaction with polymers is not critical. The main concern with CO2 is the physiochemical effects, such as permeation, swelling and the generation of cavities and internal fractures. These effects are connected with the solubility and...

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 7

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Water in CO2 systems In NH3 systems it is well known that there are problems as a result of reaction with oil, oxygen, water and solid contaminations, but these are all handled today by frequent oil changes and use of air purgers. Compared to NH3 CO2 is less sensitive, but if water is present, problems may occur. How can water penetrate into a CO2 system? • The pressure of CO2 systems is always above the atmospheric pressure, therefore there are not the same risks as in e.g. NH3 systems, of air/water penetration into a leaking CO2 system....

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 8

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CQ2 Applications Water solubility in vapour C02 Water solubility in vapour phase In fig. 2, the maximum water content, which can be dissolved in the C02 gas phase, is compared with other commonly used refrigerants. The maximum water content for CO, is much lower than forthe other refrigerants. If the maximum concentration is exceeded, this will appear as free water or as ice in the refrigeration system. Danfoss Sight Glass Type "SGN" in liquid C02 An indication of water content can be obtained by using a Danfoss SGN sight glass. - A "dry" system is shown...

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 9

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Water in CO2 systems (cont.) Principle diagram: CO2-NH3 cascade system Dry suction CO2 Compressor Filter drier CO 2 - NH 3 heat exchanger CO2 reciever CO2 Evaporator Moisture indicator Liquid Filter driers installed in: • bypass lines or • main liquid line Filter drier Moisture indicator Liquid Fig. 4: CO2 systems with DCR filter drier and SGN indicator Safety valves in CO2 systems Due to the thermodynamic properties of CO2, in particular the triple point, which is located at much higher pressure than for all other common refrigerants,...

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 10

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Danfoss sub-critical CO2 components Today, Danfoss is offering a broad programme of industrial components applicable for CO2. common types of valves are listed on the following pages. The majority of components listed below have been evaluated and upgraded, and are therefore applicable for CO2 within the pressure and temperature range stated in the technical documentation. In particular the pressure is the limiting factor for this group of components. Please note the high pressure specials are generally available to order only and...

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 11

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CQ2 Applications Danfoss sub-critical C02 Commercial Refrigeration products The product can be used in standard version.

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 12

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Coils for solenoid valves Due to the high pressure difference between the condenser and evaporator, the Maximum Opening Pressure Differential (MOPD) demand for the solenoid valve in some applications may exceed the standard coil capabilities. Typical applications could be: Liquid injection for cooling the compressor Hot gas defrost Shut off valve before expansion valve Therefore Danfoss offers a 20 W coil, that covers a MOPD range up to 40 bar. The 20 W coil program includes 24, 110 and 230 V a.c. 50 Hz power supplies. Pilot valve type...

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 13

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Pressure transmitters AKS 3000 is a series of absolute transmitters with high-level signal conditioned current output, developed to meet demands in A/C and refrigeration. All materials in contact with the refrigerant and materials for the housing are AISI 316L stainless steel. No soft gaskets, all environmental sealings are made through laser weldings only. AKS 3000 utilises the proved piezoresistive measuring principle, which has been used for decades in Danfoss pressure transmitters. AKS 3000 has a 4 to 20 mA output, and is available...

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Components for CO2 applications in Industrial Refrigeration - 14

Industrial Refrigeration Valves for CO2 Applications Eliminator ® liquid line filter driers Eliminator ® liquid line filter driers protect refrigeration and air-conditioning systems from moisture, acids, and solid particles. With these contaminants eliminated, systems are safer from harmful chemical reactions and from abrasive impurities. For further information regarding DCR filter driers please contact your local Danfoss sales company. Benefits, features and facts Excellent moisture and acid adsorption protects your refrigeration system Highly efficient dirt retaining capabilities on both...

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