Disruptions of outdoor lighting networks
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Disruptions of outdoor lighting networks and risks to equipment (LED street lights) 6th edition Christian Macanda Products & Normalization Manager CITEL Member of the commission UF 37 AB «SPD» AFNOR CITEL - 2 rue Troyon - 92 316 Sèvres Cedex - France T.+33-1 41 23 50 23 - contact@citel.fr - www.citel.fr

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS CITEL - 2 rue Troyon - 92316 Sevres Cedex- France - www.citel.fr

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS Outdoor lighting networks are especially sensitive to all kinds of electrical interference, whether permanent, temporary or transient. These forms of interference threaten the equipment connected to these networks. Additionally, age or even obsolescence affecting these networks aggravate the issues. The threats faced are multiple ones: Lightning and its side effects, overvoltages caused by switching, power distribution issues (loss of neutral, connection errors), voltage harmonics. All of these sources of interference are potentially present in...

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS • Transient overvoltages due to lightning This risk is now a well-known one, caused by the consequences of a lightning discharge that will couple with the power distribution networks: lightning strikes on the overhead line, rise in the ground potential, electromagnetic radiation on the networks. There are many different scenarios that will create very high amplitude transient overvoltages (of many kilovolts), that are fatal to sensitive equipment like LED lighting systems. Elevation of ground potential affecting an outdoor lighting network •...

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS • Electrostatic charges These phenomena are not linked to the quality of the electric power supply network but rather to the way LED lights are made. They are however, proven causes of failure in these systems. Most of the outdoor lighting systems used in France are built to Class II standards (protected against indirect contacts by double insulation or reinforced insulation): the metal casing containing the appliances is not directly connected to the protective ground nor is it indirectly connected to it (via a conductive mounting): a typical...

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS • Protection against temporary overvoltages and loss of Neutral To protect against this highly aggressive phenomena, some surge protection devices are designed to “sacrifice” themselves (using their controlled end of life mode) and disconnect the terminal equipment, thereby ensuring their protection. Other solutions: • Using drivers that have an enhanced resistance to temporary overvoltages. • Using systems to protect against industrial frequency overvoltages (CITEL MLPVM2, VM230). • Protection against electrostatic charges Eliminating any...

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS • Overvoltage protection and “reinforced” drivers Whereas the first generations of electronic drivers equipping LED lights offered reduced impulse withstand (2.5 to 6 kV), new (“reinforced”) driver versions now achieved levels of 10 kV, de-facto improving their resistance to transient overvoltages caused by lightning or switching. Nevertheless, implementing a surge protection device upstream of the reinforced driver is still necessary as: • The driver increases its robustness through greater internal insulation but does not provide any additional...

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS SURGE PROTECTORS FOR STREET CABINETS The cabinet where lighting network control appliances are installed must be made secure against transient overvoltages. Surge protection devices must be installed on the network entrance and on the lines out to the lights. Depending on the risk and the network configuration, a number of models are available. SPD disconnection from AC tine SPD disconnection from AC tine AC tine cut off and signaling - Failure indication and remote - Failure indication and remote signatting signatting Range AC network Typical use...

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS SURGE PROTECTORS FOR CLASS I LANTERNS These surge protection devices are designed to be built-into Class I lights and offer effective protection in common and differential modes. A number of sizes, layouts and functions are available. VG diagram MLPC and MLPX ranges are available with VG technology guaranteeing optimised coordination with the driver and maximum service life. CITELCITEL - 2 rue Troyon - 92316 Sevres Cedex- France - www.citel.fr

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS REINFORCED SURGE PROTECTION DEVICES FOR CLASS I LANTERNS These surge protection devices are designed to be built-into Class I lights and have the reinforced discharge current level (Imax 20 kA) required in installations exposed to extreme lightning strike conditions. CITEL model Currents In/Imax Removable screw terminal Part number Standard version Remote indication Class I lantern Metallic mast (Class 1) CITEL - 2 rue Troyon - 92316 Sèvres Cedex- France - www.citel.fr Reinforced surge protector connected to the earth of the lantern

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS COMBINED AC/DATA SURGE PROTECTION DEVICES MLP**/RS or MLP**/DM series If the luminaire driver uses wired data transmission (i.e. DALI, DMX, 0-10V, RS485) then the risk of faults from transient overvoltages is very high and installing a surge protection device is necessary. CITEL offers a combination surge protection device that protects both the AC power access and data communication lines. CITEL Model DATA SURGE PROTECTION DEVICESDLA series Solutions dedicated to protecting only the communication lines are also available. CITEL - 2 rue Troyon -...

DISRUPTIONS OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING NETWORKS SURGE PROTECTION DEVICES FOR CLASS I LANTERNS, FOR REINFORCED COORDINATION WITH DRIVER MLPC-VG series MLPX-VG series These surge protection devices eliminate the risk of any non-coordination between the surge protector and the driver's internal protection component: this way, if its rating is unsuitable, the efficiency of the external surge protection device may become an issue (probable destruction of the driver input stage by pulse current), especially if the length of the connection between the surge protector and the driver is reduced. The...