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Filtering solutions

Filtering solutions
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Soluciones de filtrado para la mejora de la eficiencia energética Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency Technology for energy efficiency

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency What are harmonics? Non linear loads, such as: rectifiers, inverters, speed variators, furnaces, etc. that absorb periodic non-sine wave currents from the network. Said currents are composed of a fundamental frequency component rated at 50 or 60 Hz, plus a series of overlapping currents, with frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental frequency. This is how we define HARMONICS. The result is a deformation of the current (and consequently, voltage) leading to series of associated secondary effects. Order and behaviour of harmonics...

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency Information required for studying harmonics Installation information The diagram has to show: • Points where measurements have been taken using the portable AR5, AR6 power analyzer • Load distribution MAIN • Single-line wire diagram of the installation • Indication of measuring points • Type of industrial process Number of power transformers Transformer ratio Measurement on the main LV board Point A Main LV board Measurement in harmonic generators Point B Harmonic generators LINEAR LOADS HARMONIC GENERATORS CAPACITOR BANK • Active and...

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency Faults Supply side: àà Current harmonics (Low frequency) xxExcessive losses in lines and transformers xxWave form distortion xxEarth-leakage tripping àà Interference caused by converters, motor drives, UPS, etc. àà EMI (High frequency) xxEarth-leakage tripping xxInterference to electronic equipment àà Individual protection is recommended Load side: àà Excessive ripple at the switching frequency xxInterference to electronic equipment àà Excessive dU/dt xxDamage to isolation in motors àà Non linear loads distributed in the system àà...

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency àà LR reactors àà LCL and LCL-th filters àà EMI filters àà Immunized earth-leakage protecion àà Sinus filters àà du/dt filters àà FR, FRE rejection filters: xx7% if 5th, 7th harmonics are dominant xx14% if 3 rd harmonic is dominant àà Regulated absorption filters: xxFAR-Q, FARE-Q (5th and 7th harmonics) xxFAR-H (5th, 7th, 11th, 13th...) àà AFQ, ACTIVE filters with or without phase balance àà FB3 and FB3T filters àà TSA isolation transformer with harmonics filtering

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency Active filters (Global compensation: Power factor, harmonics, imbalance) AFQ multifunction parallel active filters are the most complete solution to solve those quality problems caused, in either industrial or commercial facilities, not only by harmonics but also for current imbalance, and, even, reactive power consumption (mostly leading PF). The available functions in all models are the following ones: • Reduction of current harmonics up to the 50th order (2500 Hz). Manual selection of harmonic frequencies to be filtered for a higher...

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency 2. Phase imbalance correction 3. Power Factor compensation Harmonics current reduction up to the 50th order (2500 Hz). Selectable harmonics frequency for optimizing filtering spectrum efficiency. Phase current correction for optimizing imbalance phenomenon in the electric power system. Power Factor compensation for lagging current systems (inductive) or leading currents (capacitive). What do we get? Harmonic level without AFQ Harmonic level with AFQ Intuitive touch screen Harmonics graph Harmonics selection Before & After total THD

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency Filters for power converters (individual filtering) Static converters generate different types of disturbances, both on the main side and on the load side. CIRCUTOR has filters to avoid problems caused by these converters and allow installations where they are installed to comply with the EN-61000-3-12, IEEE-519 standards and the 2004/108/CE, 92/31/EEC and 93/68/EEC Compatibility Directives. Other loads àà Filtering diagram for three-phase power transducers LR filters: Reactors • LR filter reactors allow current harmonics to be reduced in...

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency LCL and LCL-th filters • LCL Filters are individual filters for converters reducing the level of harmonics produced by converters in the system. Inserting LCL Filters allows an installation with converters to comply with the EN-61000-4-3 and IEEE-519 standards. LCL-th’s add a disconnection capacity to the filter’s parallel branch in the event that the filter operates with no load. Ideal for lifts. SINUS and du/dt filters • EMI filters are used to remove high frequency disturbances (150kHz30MHz) and to comply with the 2004/108/CE, 92/31/EEC...

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency Power Factor correction in installations with harmonic disturbances Industrial systems usually require power factor correction. In the event that the system supplies non linear loads which generate harmonics, the design of PF equipment has to take this into account and will have to combine a correction of cos j with harmonic filtering. CIRCUTOR has equipment to prevent harmonics overload and to reduce harmonics effects on the system, in particular preventing the phenomenon of resonance, which may give rise to serious faults in the...

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Filtering solutions for improving energy efficiency FAR-Q, FARE-Q hybrid filters • FAR-Q and FARE-Q filters are power factor correction equipments with built in filters absorbing the 5th and 7th harmonic. This considerably decreases THD (I) in the system. The FAR-Q and FARE-Q’s absorb 5.3 A of the 5th harmonic + 2.65 A of 7th for every 10 kvar. This decreases THD (V) in the system between 3 and 6 percentage points, depending on the system’s impedance. In particular, the FARE-Q uses a “real time” static correction system and is specially designed for installations where there are fast load...

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