Introduction to KTP Phase Modulators
New Focus has developed a line of KTP electro-optic modulators with enhanced optical damage thresholds, over five times greater than LiNbO3 modulators. These modulators are designed for high efficiency, deep modulation depths, low insertion losses, and minimal unwanted amplitude modulation. They are user-friendly, requiring simple beam alignment through pre-aligned mechanical apertures.

KTP Broadband Modulators
Models 4062 & 4064 operate from DC to 250 MHz, suitable for a wide range of frequencies, and can be driven by Model 3211 broadband-modulator drivers.

KTP Resonant Modulators
Models 4061 & 4063 utilize a resonant tank circuit to enhance power transfer, significantly reducing drive voltages. They are slightly tunable around the resonant frequency and compatible with Model 3363 resonant-modulator drivers.

KTP Resonant Modulators for Higher Frequencies
Models 4461 & 4463 are designed for frequencies from 0.6 to 2.0 GHz, featuring a microwave cavity for resonance. A tuning slug allows frequency adjustment over 250 MHz.

Applications
These modulators are ideal for applications such as atom trapping and cooling, laser-frequency stabilization, high-resolution spectroscopy, and laser-guide star systems for astronomy.

High-Efficiency Phase Modulators
Models 444X & 446X offer twice the efficiency of standard designs, with increased damage thresholds. They are suitable for visible and IR wavelengths up to 2 GHz and are easy to align optically.

Testing and Performance
Each resonant modulator is tested for electrical performance, ensuring resonance at specified frequencies. Tests include measuring reflected power and quality factor (Q) using a scalar network analyzer. Modulators absorb over 96% of incident RF power, minimizing back-reflection and potential RF driver damage. Acoustic vibrations are also tested to minimize unwanted effects.

Standard Phase Modulators
These cover frequencies from 10 kHz to 9.2 GHz, with resonant designs offering low drive voltages. They are suitable for atomic physics, laser-frequency stabilization, and high-resolution spectroscopy.

Broadband and Resonant Modulators
Models 4002 & 4004 operate from DC to 100 MHz, while Models 4001 & 4003 use resonant circuits for frequencies up to 250 MHz. Models 442X & 443X extend to 4.6 GHz, and Models 485X operate at 6.8 or 9.2 GHz, ideal for atom trapping and cooling experiments.

Technical Specifications
Detailed specifications include operating frequencies, modulation efficiency, maximum optical intensity, RF bandwidth, and recommended RF drivers. Prices and warranty options are also provided.