Catalog VIII
198Pages

Catalog VIII

Dear Reader, We would like to welcome you to our Catalog VIII. Since the first full-color Avantes Catalog, printed in 2002 we have printed more than 100,000 copies of the Avantes Catalog, that have been distributed all over the world. We are very proud to present in Catalog VIII a complete new layout, hand in hand with many new product introductions and the definition of the three product families for spectrometers: StarLine, SensLine and NIRLine. Avantes is the trendsetting, trusted leader in innovative, high quality and customer oriented optical instruments and solutions. We achieve this...

New in this catalog AvaSpec-RS Avantes is proud to announce the latest additions to our extensive line of products. The highlights are: Finally a replaceable slit. Choose freely between 25, 50, 100 and 200μm slit sizes, optimizing the resolution and sensitivity within seconds. For maximum brightness in the 1701100 nm range, the AvaLight-LDXE is the perfect light source. Higher sensitivity, faster measurements, also in the UV and NIR-range are now possible. Remotely controlling your spectrometer has never been easier. Connect any AvaSpec series spectrometer to your network and perform...

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Optical Bench Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 How to configure a spectrometer for your application?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 How to choose...

Reflection Probes with multiple legs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Reflection Probes with Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Reflection Probes with Small Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Reflection Probes for Powders...

Introduction Optical spectroscopy is a technique for measuring light intensity in the UV-, VIS-, NIR- and IR-regions of electromagnetic spectrum. Spectroscopic measurements are being used in many different applications, such as color measurement, concentration determination of chemical components or electromagnetic radiation analysis. A variety of common application setups are described in the Application chapter at the end of this catalog.

A spectroscopic instrument or spectrometer generally consists of entrance slit, collimator, a dispersive element, such as a grating or prism, focusing optics and detector. In a monochromator system there is normally also an exit slit, and only a narrow portion of the spectrum is projected on a one-element detector. In monochromators the entrance and exit slits are in a fixed position and can be changed in width. Rotating the grating scans the spectrum. The development of micro-electronics during the 90’s in the field of multi-element optical detectors, such as Charged Coupled Devices (CCD)...

Optical Bench Design Spectrometers The heart of most AvaSpec fiber-optic spectrometers is an optical bench with 37.5, 45, 50 or 75 mm focal length, developed in a symmetrical Czerny-Turner design. Light enters the optical bench through a standard SMA-905 connector and is collimated by a spherical mirror. A plain grating diffracts the collimated light; a second spherical mirror focuses the resulting diffracted light. An image of the spectrum is projected onto a 1-dimensional linear detector array. Avaspec-ULS Optical Bench Design: Symmetrical Czerny-Turner 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Detector SMA...

higher performance back-thinned CCDs and thermo-electrically cooled CCDs UV/ VIS instruments. The instruments are particularly better in the UV and NIR relative to standard CCD detectors. The AvaSpec NIRLine is comprised of instruments with InGaAs arrays for longer wavelength measurements from 900-2500 nm. For high-speed applications, the 2048 pixel CCD detectors in the AvaSpec-2048 and AvaSpec-2048L from the StarLine are normally the best options. For VIS-only applications where high-resolution is not needed but speed and signal to noise are important, the 128 pixel PDA detector in the...

Fruit-sugar Gemology High-resolution High UV/NIR-Sensitivity Irradiance Raman Solar Thin Films UV/VIS/NIR Table 1 Quick reference guide for spectrometer configuration The grating can only be changed by Avantes. Therefore, choose your grating wisely. Our application specialists are available to support you with your choice. In general, a higher resolution means a lower bandwidth. By combining multiple spectrometers in our AvaSpec-Dual or rack-mountable versions, you can create one virtual spectrometer with high-resolution and high bandwidth.

How to choose the right Grating? A diffraction grating is an optical element that separates incident polychromatic radiation into its constituent wavelengths. A grating consists of series of equally spaced parallel grooves formed in a reflective coating deposited on a suitable substrate. The way in which the grooves are formed separates gratings in two types, holographic and ruled. The ruled gratings are physically formed onto a reflective surface with a diamond on a ruling machine. Gratings produced from laser constructed interference patterns and a photolithographic process are known as...

Figure 2a Grating Efficiency Curves 300 lines/mm Gratings

Figure 2b Grating Efficiency Curves Efficiency Efficiency

How to select optimal Optical Resolution? The resolution in this table is defined as Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM), which is defined as the width in nm of the peak at 50% of the maximum intensity (see Figure 4). The optical resolution is defined as the minimum difference in wavelength that can be separated by the spectrometer. For separation of two spectral lines it is necessary to image them at least two array-pixels apart. Because the grating determines how far different wavelengths are separated (dispersed) at the detector array, it is an important variable for the resolution. The other...