iXon

iXon
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iXon

Product catalog summary
Introduction
Andor Technology has been a leader in developing scientific Electron Multiplying CCD (EMCCD) cameras since 2000. The iXon series, including the iXon Ultra and iXon3, represents the peak of EMCCD technology, offering exceptional sensitivity, speed, and reliability.
Specifications and Features
  • iXon Ultra: Achieves over 60% increase in frame rate, with 56 fps at full resolution and up to 595 fps in cropped mode. Features USB connectivity and EX2 Technology for enhanced sensitivity.
  • iXon3: Offers ultimate sensitivity with thermoelectric cooling to -100°C, operating at 35 fps with features like RealGain™ and EMCAL™ for precise EM gain control.
Technological Innovations
  • RealGain™: Direct selection of EM gain from a linear scale.
  • OptAcquire: One-click optimization for various applications.
  • EMCAL™: Automatic recalibration of EM gain.
  • UltraVac™: Ensures vacuum integrity and sensor protection with a 7-year warranty.
Applications
The iXon cameras are ideal for applications such as single molecule detection, super-resolution microscopy, adaptive optics, photon counting, and live cell imaging.
Performance and Innovations
  • One-click setup for ease of use.
  • Capability to quantify data in electrons or photons.
  • Real-time or post-conversion options.
  • Enhanced signal estimation for PALM/STORM localization accuracy.
Deep Thermoelectric Cooling
Deep cooling optimizes EMCCD sensitivity by reducing thermal electrons, achieved through vacuum TE cooling, minimizing darkcurrent and clock-induced charge (CIC) noise.
Spurious Noise Filter
Reduces remaining noise without affecting signal integrity, using advanced algorithms applicable in real-time or post-processing.
UltraVac™ Permanent Vacuum Head
Ensures sensor cooling performance and QE stability over time, with a 7-year vacuum warranty.
Photon Counting
Supports advanced photon counting modes, crucial for applications requiring high contrast and sensitivity.
Direct Data Access
The iXon Ultra model offers direct data access via a Camera Link output, beneficial for real-time analysis and applications like adaptive optics.
Software Solutions
Andor provides various software solutions for data acquisition and analysis, compatible with multiple third-party imaging packages.
Conclusion
The iXon camera series offers a comprehensive set of features and innovations that cater to a wide range of scientific imaging needs, ensuring high performance, flexibility, and ease of use.
Technical Innovations
  • EMCCD Performance: Leaders in sensitivity, speed, and stability.
  • UltraVac™ Technology: Ensures performance longevity with permanent vacuum head.
  • Count Convert: Quantifies data in electrons or photons.
  • New Sensor Enhancements: Extended QE and fringe suppression.
  • Deep Vacuum TE Cooling: Eliminates dark current.
  • OptAcquire™: Simplifies flexibility in operations.
  • RealGain™, Anti-Ageing, and EMCAL™: Enhance quantitative stability.
Advanced Features
  • Overclocking: Enhances frame rate performance by optimizing horizontal and vertical shifts.
  • Crop Mode: Achieves fast ROI frame rates, ideal for super-resolution microscopy and ion signaling.
  • Photon Counting: Enables high sensitivity applications.
Applications and Use Cases
  • Suitable for biological imaging, super-resolution microscopy, and adaptive optics.
  • Enhances performance in applications like STORM, PALM, and PALMIRA.
  • Ideal for ion signaling measurements and fluorescence correlation microscopy.
Technical Note on Quantification
  • EMCCDs convert photons to electrons, which are then quantified in counts.
  • Count Convert functionality allows data to be presented in electrons or photons.
  • Ensures accurate signal intensity estimation at the detector.
Permanent Vacuum Technology
  • Prevents sensor contamination and maintains quantum efficiency.
  • Ensures long-term performance stability.
UltraVac™ Permanent Vacuum Head and Performance Longevity
Andor's UltraVac™ vacuum process enhances TE cooling and protects the sensor, with sustained vacuum performance over many years and improved cooling down to -100ºC.
EX2 Technology – Extended QE with Dual AR Coating
EX2 technology broadens the QE range of back-illuminated sensors with dual layer anti-reflection coating, improving sensitivity in blue and NIR wavelengths.
Fringe Suppression Technology
Reduces etaloning effects in NIR applications, enhancing quantitative imaging capabilities.
Deep Vacuum TE Cooling and Darkcurrent Elimination
Deep TE cooling minimizes darkcurrent in EMCCD technology, significantly improving SNR and contrast in low light conditions.
OptAcquire – Flexibility and Control
Provides a user-friendly interface for selecting pre-determined camera set-up configurations, optimizing the camera for various experimental requirements.
High Dynamic Range CCD Operation
Recommended for brighter signals or when long exposures can be applied to overcome read noise floor.
Clock Induced Charge (CIC) and Minimization
CIC is minimized through effective TE cooling and optimized clocking, enhancing EMCCD sensitivity.
Baseline Clamp
Corrects baseline drift, maintaining stability during kinetic series.
Electron Multiplication (EM) and Temperature Stability
EM multiplication is temperature-dependent, with RealGainTM providing temperature-compensated, linear EM gain calibration.
Longevity and Testing
Andor's testing on iXon3 897 projects a 7-year operational lifetime under continuous use.
Specifications and Features:
The Andor iXon Ultra 897 and iXon3 897 cameras are designed for photon counting, particularly effective under ultra-low light conditions.
Photon Counting Mode:
Improves low light images by a factor of ~x1.41 in Signal to Noise compared to a single integrated image.
Fast Kinetics Mode:
Allows capturing extremely fast sequences of images, facilitating microsecond-order kinetic measurements.
Dynamic Range and EM Gain:
Calculating dynamic range in EMCCDs involves considering EM gain and the extended well capacity of the gain register.
Noise Sources in EMCCDs:
Read Noise is considered the true CCD detection limit, particularly in fast frame rate experiments.
Overview of Noise in EMCCD Technology
Noise in EMCCD cameras is a critical factor affecting image quality, with various noise types impacting signal detection.
Signal to Noise Ratio Considerations
The choice between using EMCCD gain or conventional CCD amplifiers depends on frame rate and light levels.
External Trigger Modes
Andor’s iXon cameras offer various external trigger modes, enhancing flexibility in experimental setups.
iCam Technology
Enhances EMCCD performance by optimizing communication between the camera and PC.
Camera Link Output
The iXon Ultra includes a Camera Link output for real-time data access, useful in applications like adaptive optics and super-resolution microscopy.
Technical Note Overview: The document discusses the iXon Ultra Camera Link output for direct data access, highlighting its use for real-time analysis with external hardware.
Specifications: The iXon Ultra typically uses USB for data transfer, but the Camera Link output provides a direct data stream post-FPGA processing, minimizing latency.
Procedures: Users must ensure data stream compatibility with their Camera Link card, particularly when acquiring sub-regions.
Image Integrity Test: The Camera Link output was tested with the Bitflow Neon Camera Link card, confirming compatibility.
Recommendations: Users should verify compatibility with their specific Camera Link card and manage USB data requests to prevent buffer overflow.
Customer Support: Andor offers extensive customer support, including on-site assistance, training, and testing services.
Contact Information: The document provides contact details for Andor's offices in Northern Ireland, North America, Japan, and China, along with customer support information.
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Catalog excerpts

iXon-1

iXon iXon Ultra and iXon3 Driving the absolute best from EMCCD technology

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iXon-2

iXon The Industry’s Highest Performance Scientific EMCCD Cameras Andor Technology pioneered the world’s first scientific Electron Multiplying CCD (EMCCD) cameras, shipping the initial cameras back in 2000 and winning the Photonics Circle of Excellence award. At that time, Andor coined the name ‘Electron Multiplying CCD (EMCCD)’, which has been adopted right across this burgeoning industry. Current trends in photon measurement are placing unprecedented demands on detector technology to perform at significantly higher levels of sensitivity and speed. Electron Multiplying CCD (EMCCD) technology...

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iXon-3

Why choose Andor’s iXon high performance EMCCD? Andor’s iXon Ultra and iXon3 EMCCD cameras deliver best performance across these core areas: • Fastest Frame Rates – iXon Ultra delivers >60% faster frame rates. Unique ‘Optically Centered Crop Mode’ solution for additional frame rate boost (e.g. 569 fps with 128 x 128 ROI). The principal reason for making use of Andor’s iXon EMCCD technology is to ensure the absolute highest sensitivity from a quantitative scientific digital camera, particularly under fast frame rate conditions. In particular, truly exceptional speed performance is now available...

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iXon-4

iXon Range Pixel Format Ultimate Sensitivity ... Supercharged Ultimate Sensitivity Pixel Size Frame Rate 56 fps (595 fps with 128 x 128 cropped mode) Field of View and Sensitivity Lightning Speed and Sensitivity Quantum Efficiency (%) The iXon Ultra and iXon3 portfolio encompass a number of model variations, offering solutions for a wide range of application requirements. Whether your needs are guided more by speed, resolution, field of view, wavelength dependence or simply budget, the iXon series of market leading EMCCD cameras will provide a match. Resin-dentine interface created using an etching-and-rinse...

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iXon-5

Optically Centered Crop Mode (Live cell super-resolution mode) Ultimate Sensitivity ... Supercharged! Facilitated by a fundamental redesign, the new iXon Ultra platform takes the popular backilluminated 512 x 512 frame transfer sensor and overclocks readout to 17 MHz, pushing speed performance to an outstanding 56 fps (full frame), whilst maintaining quantitative stability throughout. The status of ‘Ultimate Sensitivity’ is also preserved in this model, offering thermoelectric cooling down to -100°C and industry-lowest clock induced charge noise. New EX2 Technology offers extended QE performance....

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iXon-6

Fringe Suppression Extended QE response Critical for elimination of darkcurrent detection limit. Absolute EMCCD gain selectable directly from a linear and quantitative scale. Optimize the highly flexible iXon3 for different application requirements at the click of a button. Count Convert Quantitatively capture and view data in electrons or incident photons. Applied either in real time or postprocessing, Count Convert does this important conversion for you. Patented user-initiated self-recalibration of EM gain. Exposure time fast switching provides market leading acquisition efficiency. Minimal...

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iXon-7

Largest field of view EMCCD available TE cooling to -95°C Fringe Suppression Critical for elimination of darkcurrent detection limit. Reduced etaloning in NIR Field of View and Sensitivity Absolute EMCCD gain selectable directly from a linear and quantitative scale. Andor’s megapixel back-illuminated EMCCD combines a large field of view, single photon detection capability and > 90% Quantum Efficiency. The 1024 x 1024 frame transfer format offers unequalled thermoelectric cooling down to -95°C, industry-lowest clock induced charge noise, and operates at ~ 9 fps (full resolution). EMCCD and conventional...

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iXon-8

Fast frame rates ideal for ion signaling microscopy and adaptive optics. Critical for elimination of darkcurrent detection limit. Absolute EMCCD gain selectable directly from a linear and quantitative scale. Optimize the highly flexible iXon3 for different application requirements at the click of a button. Count Convert Quantitatively capture and view data in electrons or incident photons. Applied either in real time or post-processing, Count Convert does this important conversion for you. Exposure time fast switching provides market leading acquisition efficiency. Critical for sustained vacuum...

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iXon-9

iXon Performance and Innovations Industry Fastest Frame Rate – by far! Maximum frame rate performance in EMCCDs is a function of two parameters; (1) Pixel Readout Speed (horizontal); (2) Vertical Clock speed. The former dictates how rapidly charge is pushed horizontally through the EM gain register and the remaining readout electronics, while the latter dictates the speed at which charge is vertically shifted down through both the exposed sensor area and masked frame transfer area of the chip. Both iXon3 and iXon Ultra offer industry fastest vertical shift speeds, resulting in faster frame rates...

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iXon-10

iXon Performance and Innovations EX2 Technology – Extended QE from Dual AR sensor coating Fringe Suppression Sensors Selected iXon models are now available with a new Dual Anti-Reflection coating applied to the back-illuminated sensor, affording a significant enhancement of the Quantum Efficiency performance. Selected iXon models are now available with a new Fringe Suppression property in the sensor design, reducing spatial etaloning effects that can arise through monochromatic imaging in the Near Infra-Red (NIR) wavelength range. Available on the new speed-boosted iXon Ultra 897 platform, as...

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iXon-11

iXon Performance and Innovations OptAcquire – Flexibility need not be complicated The control architecture of the iXon is extremely flexible, meaning the camera can be adapted and optimized for a wide variety of quantitative experimental requirements, ranging from single photon counting through to slower scan, 16-bit dynamic range measurements. However, we are starkly aware that optimizing EMCCD technology is far from trivial, with various set-up parameters influencing and trading off between different camera performance characteristics. We have developed OptAcquire, a unique interface allowing...

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