AMETEK PROCESS INSTRUMENTS NATURAL GAS SOLUTIONS Real-Time Measurement for Unparalleled Safety and Product Quality Control Analyzer solutions to reduce natural gas process downtime, ensure safe operation, and meet stringent product quality requirements.

Natural gas is an important part of the world’s energy supply. From feedstock for production processes to generating electrical power, the transportation, distribution, storage, and processing of natural gas has a global impact. Natural gas must meet specific requirements as it relates to heating value, hydrocarbon dew point, and the concentration of various contaminants. The quality of natural gas can be impacted by contaminants, such as water vapor, sulfur-based compounds, heavier hydrocarbons, and carbon dioxide. These contaminants adversely affect the natural gas heating content, promote...

Most operators of natural gas pipelines establish a tariff or contract limit on the moisture content allowed in the pipeline. The dehydration process removes water vapor in natural gas using several different methodologies, such as compression, phase separation, absorption with a deliquescing solid or liquid desiccants and adsorption with solid desiccants. Moisture measurement is critical to optimize the drying process and to ensure that the natural gas is dried to the correct specification. This measurement is normally performed at the outlet of the drying process, whether that is a glycol contactor...

PRODUCT SOLUTIONS measures: h2s, cos, co2, ch3sh Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) must be removed from the natural gas, in a process referred to as natural gas sweetening. H2S in "sour gas" (natural gas with a high H2S concentration) is reduced or removed in a contactor using amine solutions, such as monoethanolamine or diethanolamine. Sweet natural gas, with low H2S concentration, exits the top of the contactor while the rich amine containing the absorbed sulfur compounds exits the bottom of the contactor. Most commonly, CO2 is removed with H2S in the amine scrubbing process....

Natural gas is transported from the gas processing plant to underground storage sites, industrial users - such as chemical and petrochemical plants, power plants and liquefaction plants - and city gate metering stations via a large network of pipelines. As the natural gas travels along the pipeline, it passes through metering points (stations) where the natural gas is sold from one party to another. This point is referred to as a custody transfer point. A custody transfer measurement is considered a fiscal measurement and is critically important to understand the heating value of the natural...

TRANSMISSION PIPELINES & CUSTODY TRANSFER PRODUCT SOLUTIONS MEASURES: Specific gravity, H2O PRODUCT SOLUTION The durable Ranarex Gas Gravitometer is simple to use and operate. Free of span drift and minimal zero drift, the analyzer delivers continuous, fast-responding measurement of specific gravity. With over 90 years of specific gravity measurement experience, AMETEK has designed the Ranarex Gas Gravitometer to be easy to maintain with a completely mechanical construction. The analyzer can be operated on a floor, bench or wall-mount configurations and can be powered by standard AC power supply...

PRODUCT SOLUTIONS measures: h2o, h2s, cos, ch3sh, co2 When natural gas is not immediately needed, or if production exceeds demand, the gas is stored underground. Storage facilities include depleted oil or natural gas reservoirs, salt caverns, and aquifers. Gas quality measurements - including water vapor (H2O), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrocarbon dew point temperature and gas composition - are typically made during injection into the facility and, more commonly, during extraction of the natural gas. Measurements of H2O and H2S ensure that any storage gas inventory already present is not contaminated,...

FRACTIONATION PROCESS Natural gas contains liquids that must be removed following extraction. Natural gas liquids (NGLs) are generally removed from the natural gas using an absorption process, similar to dehydration of natural gas. To extract the lighter molecular weight compounds, such as ethane or propane, from the natural gas, a cryogenic expansion process is utilized. The temperature of the natural gas is decreased using refrigerants and the gas is then expanded in an expansion turbine. Following extraction from the gas, NGLs are separated in the fractionation process where NGLs are heated...

PROSZE WYtACZYC PIEC When natural gas cannot be transported in its gaseous state in a pipeline, the gas is converted to a liquid, called liquefied natural gas (LNG), in a process called liquefaction. To convert the natural gas from a gas to a liquid, the natural gas is dehydrated using molecular sieve dryers and is then cooled by lowering the temperature to approximately -162°C (-260°F) using refrigerants. The liquefaction process requires the natural gas to be free of impurities, such as water vapor (H2O), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) , prior to the conversion from gas to...

PORTABLE MEASUREMENTS In some cases, it is not economically feasible to install fixed analyzers at a site. In other cases, verification with another device is needed to confirm satisfactory operation of a fixed analyzer. AMETEK Process Instruments offers several portable analyzers for moisture and hydrocarbon dew point measurements and gas composition. PRODUCT SOLUTIONS The 303B utilizes electrolytic P2O5 technology for trace moisture measurements in the parts per million by volume (ppmv) range. The 303B can measure moisture concentrations in the low ppmv range and does not require calibration....

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