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Electron Beam Melting (EB)

Electron Beam Melting  (EB)

Electron Beam Melting (EB)

Product catalog summary
Electron Beam Melting (EB) Overview
Electron Beam Melting (EB) is a process used for remelting and refining metals under high vacuum conditions. It is particularly effective for refractory and reactive metals, such as tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, hafnium, zirconium, and titanium. The process is known for its superior refining capacity, flexibility, and use of water-cooled copper molds.

Types of Electron Beam Guns
  • K60: Maximum beam power of 60 kW, power control range of 1-100%, and maximum acceleration voltage of 30 kV.
  • Ksr 300: Maximum beam power of 300 kW, power control range of 1-100%, and maximum acceleration voltage of 40 kV.
  • Ksr 600: Maximum beam power of 600 kW, power control range of 10-100%, and maximum acceleration voltage of 45 kV.
  • Ksr 800: Maximum beam power of 800 kW, power control range of 10-100%, and maximum acceleration voltage of 50 kV.

Metallurgy of the Electron Beam Melting Process
  • EB guns are high-temperature heat sources capable of exceeding melting and evaporation temperatures of materials.
  • Magnetic deflection and rapid scanning allow the beam to target multiple shapes, making it a flexible heat source.
  • Typical power densities are 100 kW/cm2, with power transfer efficiency ranging from 50 to 80%.
  • EB melting produces a shallow pool, positively affecting ingot structure regarding porosity and segregation.
  • High vacuum exposure results in excellent degassing and selective evaporation for high purity ingots.

Process Variations
  • Drip Melting: Used for refractory metals, involves horizontal feeding and drip-melting into a mold.
  • Cold Hearth Refining: Important for reactive metals, involves drip-melting in a water-cooled copper hearth.
  • Button Melting: Evaluates cleanliness of superalloy samples by concentrating low-density inclusions.
  • Floating Zone Melting: An older technique for producing high-purity metals.

Process Control
  • EB furnaces operate semi-automatically with computer-controlled process automation and manual fine-tuning.
  • Automation includes vacuum system control, material feed rate, and beam power distribution.
  • ALD's "EsCosys" system manages complex beam power distribution through graphical pattern editing.

Melting Furnace Types
  • EB Cold Hearth Production Furnaces: For reactive metal ingots and slabs, with beam power up to 4,800 kW.
  • EB Floating Zone Melting Furnaces: For rods up to 20 mm in diameter and 300 mm in length.
  • EB Drip-Melt Production Furnaces: For refractory metal ingots, with beam power up to 1,800 kW.
  • EB Pilot Production Furnaces: Allow both drip melting and cold hearth refining, with beam power up to 300 kW.
  • EB Laboratory Furnaces: For research, development, or precious metal production.
  • EB Button Melting Furnaces: For button melting and material qualification.
See more

Catalog excerpts

Electron Beam Melting  (EB)-1

ALD Vacuum Technologies High Tech is our Business Electron Beam Melting (EB) Electron Beam Melting Processes and Furnaces

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Electron Beam Melting  (EB)-2

Electron Beam Melting Metallurgy of the Electron Beam Melting Process Large EBCHR Furnace for Titanium Electron beam melting is distinguished by OO superior refining capacity OO a high degree of flexibility OO the use of water cooled copper mold It is ideal for remelting and refining under high vacuum of metals and their alloys like OO refractory metals (tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, hafnium) OO reactive metals (zirconium, titanium) EB plays an important role in manufacturing OO of ultra-pure sputtering target materials OO electronic alloys and OO the recycling of titanium...

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Electron Beam Melting  (EB)-3

Electron Beam Melting Process Variations Drip Melting Cold Hearth Melting Button Melting Floating Zone Melting 1200 kW EB Melting Furnace for Tantalum and Niobium Process Variations The high degree of flexibility of the EB heat source has spawned the development of several remelting and refining methods. OO Drip Melting OO Classical method for processing refractory metals such as Ta and Nb among others. OO Raw material in form of bars is usually fed horizontally and drip-melted directly into the withdrawal mold. OO The liquid pool level is maintained by withdrawing the bottom of the growing ingot....

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Electron Beam Melting  (EB)-4

Electron Beam Melting Process Control Local operation panels Remote control desk Process Control Beam Power Distribution EB furnaces operate in a semi-automatic For process-specific power distributions, Patterns are automatically corrected control mode. Even with highly skilled the beam deflection has to be controlled for projected angular distortions on the computer controlled process automation, with respect to location and dwell time. targets. The active power fraction in operator supervision of the process and For this purpose, ALD has developed a each pattern is defined by the dwell manual...

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Electron Beam Melting  (EB)-5

Electron Beam Melting Melting Furnace Types 1 EB Cold Hearth Production Furnaces Reactive metal ingots and slabs, including material recycling. Ingot weights up to 20 t. Beam power up to 4,800 kW. EB Floating Zone Melting Furnaces Rods up to 20 mm in diameter and 300 mm length. EB Drip-Melt Production Furnaces Refractory metal ingots up to 500 mm Ø and 3,000 mm length. Beam power up to 1,800 kW. EB Laboratory Furnaces For research and development or precious metal production. EB Pilot Production Furnaces Permitting both drip melting and cold hearth refining. Beam power up to 300 kW. EB Button...

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Electron Beam Melting  (EB)-6

Type of Guns – Main Features Focus lenses Deflection system Limiting frequency Maximum beam power Beam power control range - Power control by bombardment power Maximum acceleration voltage Average life time of cathodes at maximum beam power Maximum deflection angle Pump capacity - Turbomolecular pump at beam generator housing - Turbomolecular pump at pressure stage housing ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH Wilhelm-Rohn-Strasse 35 Phone +49 (0) 6181 307-0 Fax +49 (0) 6181 307-3290 E-Mail [email protected] Internet www.ald-vt.com You can find the addresses of all our sales partners and subsidiaries on...

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