T e c h n i c a l P r o d u c t G u i de
52Pages

Product Guide

Table of Contents Corporate Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Glass Fiber Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Glass Fiber Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Continuous Filament Yarns . . . . . . . . . . . 10 S-2 Glass®, ZenTron® and VeTron™ High Performance Reinforcements . . . 16 Specialty Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Product Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Continuous Filament Mat (CFM) . . . . . . 28 Sizing Systems for Yarns and Rovings . . 32 Sizing Grid – Processability and Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34...

Corporate Overview AGY provides the best quality, highest performance glass fiber yarns to a wide variety of markets and end uses. Founded in late 1998, AGY is a relatively new name in the market with a long history of service to these markets. Globally, AGY has over 1200 employees involved in production, sales, distribution and development of glass fiber yarns. Manufacturing facilities are located in Aiken, South Carolina and Huntingdon, Pennsylvania. Our world headquarters and technology center is located in the manufacturing facility in Aiken. We have also established commercial and...

Glass Fiber Manufacturing AGY glass fiber yarn textile fibers are made from molten glass. The viscous liquid is drawn through tiny holes at the base of the furnace to form hair-like filaments. A protective sizing, applied as the filament cools and hardens, helps prevent abrasion during additional processing and/or makes the glass compatible with various resin systems. For yarns products, after sizing is applied, filaments are gathered into strands and wound into intermediate (forming) packages for processing. These strands become the basic components for a variety of textile and roving...

Glass Fiber Nomenclature General Glass fiber yarns are typically identified by either an inch-pound based system (U.S. customary system) or a TEX/metric system (based on the SI*/metric system). This section gives a brief description of glass fiber yarn nomenclature, including comparisons of the two systems. A more comprehensive description can be found in ASTM D578 – standard specification for glass fiber strands. AGY’s products use standardized nomenclature designations that include both alphabetical and numerical elements. They identify glass composition, filament type, strand count and...

Yarn Nomenclature Typical Yarn Nomenclature Identified in U.S. Customary System (based on inch-pound) Glass Composition: E=Electrical C=Chemical S=High Strength Type of Filament: C=Continuous S=Staple T=Texturized Filament Diameter: (see Table 1) Yield Designation: (see Table 2) Number of single strands twisted into continuous filament ends/Number of twisted strands plied together Number of turns per inch in the twist of the final yarn Direction of twist S=S direction Z=Z direction (See next page) The example above then identifies the following yarn: ECG75 1/2 2.8S E = electrical glass C =...

Yarn Nomenclature Twist The fifth segment in the nomenclature is the number of basic strands* twisted together in a single yarn. Following this number is the number of turns per unit length and either the letter “S” or “Z” which indicates the direction of the twist. The S or Z direction of the yarn is determined by the slope of the yarn when it is held in a vertical position. A twist is mechanically applied to yarns because, in addition to helping keep all of the filaments together, it provides the yarn higher abrasion resistance, easier processing and better tensile strength. S-Twist: The...

Table 1 - Designations for Glass Strand Filament Diameters Filament Designation Range for Filament Diameter Average The low values stated for each micron range are exact equivalents to inches, rounded to the nearest hundredth micron. The high values stated for each micron range are slightly higher than exact equivalents to inches to provide continuation between ranges. They are consistent for inch-pound and SI filament size descriptions commonly used in the industry. In some publications, the SI designation for H filament size has been shown as 10.

Yarn Nomenclature Table 2 - Description of Continuous Filament Glass Fibers Filament Designation Nominal Yarn Number (strand count) Note that the strand count indicates a basic strand* of yarn. * A basic strand is one produced from a single bushing.

Table 3 – Yarn Reference and Conversion Formulas Conversion – Measurements US Units To Convert US Units to SI Multiply By: To Convert SI Units to US Multiply By: mile inch inch foot yard yard2 inch2 feet2 oz/yd oz/yd2 turns/in (tpi) yd/lb Cross Reference – Strand Twist Turns Per Inch (TPI) vs. Turns Per Meter (TPM) – Industry Standard TPI Conversion – Yardage US Units Denier = 4,464,492 (yds/lbs) TEX = 496,055 (yds/lbs) TEX = 590.5 Cotton Count Denier = 5315 Cotton Count Metric Units to US Units yds/lb = 4,464,492 Denier yds/lb = 496,055 TEX Cotton Count = 590.5 TEX Cotton Count = 5315 Denier

Continuous Filament Yarns – E-Glass Products Continuous Filament Yarn Beams Continuous filament yarns can also be provided as beamed yarns. Beaming is the process of accumulating parallel ends of yarn from a creel under tension and winding them onto large, spool-like packages. For applications requiring many ends of fiber input, this method eliminates the need for creeling many individual bobbins of yarn. There are beam sizes listed in our Packaging CAS. The capacity of each type is a function of the number of parallel ends being wound and the total length of the beam.

Beam Sizes Available (inches) 9002 Beaming Capability Beams are made to specific customer needs. Typical end counts range from 200-800, however, we have capability of over 1000 ends. Please contact your AGY representative for specific details of end counts and lengths for the yarns

E-Glass Continuous Filament Yarns – Products Yield Construction Designation Nominal Yield (TEX) (yds/lb)