A Photo nie Sensors IceCube Innovative optical system for measuring the spcifie surface area (SSA) of snow Instantaneous measurements 镕 Easy-to-use Versatile, allows measuring any spot Օ Designed for outdoor and Lab usage Applications Radiative transfer calculations Remote sensing validation Snow chemistry (pollutant adsorption) Technology based on solid theoretical research and validated in the field in polar conditions A2 Photonic Sensors c/o INPG-MINATEC 3, Parvis Louis Nel - BP 257 38016 Grenoble cedex 1, FRANCE Tl: +33 (0)4 56 52 95 43 [email protected] www.A2PhotonicSensors.com

A2 PhotonieSen sors Working principle The spcifie surface area (SSA) of snow, defined as the surface area of ice per unit mass, is an important variable characterizing the complex microstructure of snow (crucial to dtermine the chemical and climatic impact of the snow cover). Photodiode Calibration ^ Radiative Transfer Model The working principle of IceCuberelies on the relation between the infrared hemispherical r驩flectance of snow and SSA. A snow sample is illiiminited directly by the collimated beam from a laser diode at 1310 nm. Light reflected by the snow is collected via an integrating...