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A Simple and Safe Solution for Ground Connection Interferences

A Simple and Safe Solution for Ground Connection Interferences
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A Simple and Safe Solution for Ground Connection Interferences - 1

Ground Choke Application Note A Simple and Safe Solution for Ground Connection Interferences Switched mode circuits are increasingly being used today in electronic devices. Due to the rapid switching speeds found in these switched mode circuits, the probability of high frequency ground connection interferences is also becoming more prevalent. A correctly specified and placed ground choke offers a simple and safe solution. Shielded Instrument Cable + -Potential between different earth-ground locations High-frequency current caused by ground loop Shielded Instrument Cable Example of wired device (source: shutterstock) 1) +Potential between different earth-ground locations Today, electric motors are required to operate within an optimal rpm range and, for that reason, are equipped with frequency inverters. LED lights with switch mode power supplies are replacing incandescent bulbs. These are just two examples that showcase the present day trend for increased efficiency and better controllability through the use of the switched mode controls. Regardless of the positive benefits in terms of increased efficiency, these circuits can also lead to increased interferences, which often go unaddressed to date, although they are now becoming more relevant. The topic of overlooked interferences concerns that of high-frequency interferences on the ground as well. The ground receives little attention, compared to interferences generated on the line, during the EMCcompliant design of electronic devices. Yet, this can quickly change if a ground loop develops. Ground line choke 1) interrupts the loop Ground loops develop due to the different impedances of various ground connections from one or more devices. While all ground connections have the same potential for the 50Hz load current, they can have different potentials due to the different line impedances for the high frequency interferences. As a result, switched mode circuits have high frequency currents that can be transferred by the capacitive coupling or via interference suppression capacitors to the ground. There is usually no problem if the ground is good or there is only one ground connection; these currents are conducted to the ground. But, if there are different potentials from two or more ground connections, this can produce high frequency currents. The effects of the equalizing currents on the ground can be drastic: for example, the interferences may damage the electronic control of the device. It is also conceivable that this can result in failure to meet EMC specifications, even though a suitable filter was installed in the device. The problem can be solved by adding a ground choke. The ground choke, however, must be correctly specified in order for it to also satisfy strict safety regulations, with regard to conductor cross section and resistance. Furthermore, the ground choke must be installed so that possible high frequency interference currents on the ground cannot circumvent the choke via the housing. This is particularly a concern with in line filters. These filters are screwed directly to the metal housing for optimal performance. By screwing the filter casing directly to the grounded metal housing, low impedance is achieved, which thereby improves the interference suppression capacitor’s damping properties to ground. Device inlet filters or installed filters that are connected this way, to the mounting flange on the metal housing, are thus connected directly to ground. In addition, they also have a ground connection that is connected via a cable to the housing. If a ground choke is now integrated into the ground cable after the filter, the interference currents can bypass the choke via the metal housing of the device and the filter housing.

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A Simple and Safe Solution for Ground Connection Interferences - 2

Ground Choke Application Note Incorrect installation: ground currents bypass the ground choke Device inlet filters with SCHURTER’s integrated KFA ground choke Company SCHURTER continues to be a progressive innovator and manufacturer of electronic and electrical components worldwide. Our pro ducts ensure safe and clean supply of power, while making equipment easy to use. We offer a broad range of standard products including circuit protection, connectors, EMC products, switches and input systems, as well as electronic manufacturing services. Moreover, SCHURTER is ready to work with our...

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