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Text version of the page
| Logic Principles of Pneumatic Switching | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In Explosive Environments: Explosion-proof electrical components are cumbersome and expensive; pneumatic components, inherently explosion-proof, are ideally suited to increasingly frequent explosive industrial environments. For Short Stroke Cylinders: Short strokes, typical of clamping cylinders for example, are easily sensed with pneumatic limit sensors. Where Limit Switches Cannot be Used: This frequently encountered problem can be solved by using threshold relays. • Elimination of Solenoid Valves Pneumatic systems are more compact, more reliable. Costs are reduced. • Elimination of Electric Power Supplies and Protection Devices Reduced costs and added safety. | • Increased Safety No Shocks from cut or exposed wires and devices. • Longer Life and Increased Reliability Recent generations of pneumatic controls have maximized simplicity of operation. Pneumatic controls are not inherently self-destructive as are their equivalents (through arcing). • Faster Response Times In compact control systems, total pneumatic systems have faster response times than electro-pneumatic systems. • Reduced Overall Costs For all these reasons, total pneumatic automation is an effective technique to reduce machine design, operation and maintenance costs. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advantages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Pneumatic control systems have a number of advantages over electro-pneumatic actuation. Among these are: • System Uniformity The use of one power and control medium simplifies design, operation, and maintenance of equipment by reducing the number of necessary skills and techniques. • Hardware Uniformity In practice, pneumatic cylinders integrate better with pneumatic sensors than electrical sensors. For example: In Wet Environments: Contrary to electrical sensors, pneumatic sensors operate trouble free in wet surroundings, an application where pneumatic cylinders are generally favored. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Components Using Illustrated Principles | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct Operation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mechanical Action | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miniature Limit Switch | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unactuated | Actuated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relay Operation • Non-Passing (YES Function) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| YES Relay | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unactuatedyl/ | S Actuated \|/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time Delay Relay (ON Delay) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Output signal S is ON when pilot signal "a" is present. Relay is snap-acting because area of diameter 1 is greater than area of diameter 2. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Booster Relay | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parker Hannifin Corporation Pneumatic Division Richland, Michigan www.parker.com/pneumatics | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||