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Text version of the page
TECHNICAL
Linear Slides - Preload
T TECHNICALPurpose of preload
A clearance may be given to linear motion rolling guides, when the load is small andvery smooth motion is required. However, in many cases, preload is preferred, because it eliminates play in the guide mechanism and increases the rigidity of rolling guide. Preload is given by applying an internal stress in advance to the contact area between raceways and rolling elements. When load is applied on the preloaded rolling guide, elastic deformation due to load is smaller compared to that without preload by the effect of this internal stress, and the rigidity of rolling guide is increased (see Fig. 1).Ball (without preload)Ball (with preload)Roller (without preload)Roller (with preload)010002000300005101520 Diameter of ball10mmDiameter and lengthof roller10mmx10mmApplied preload: equivalent to 0.05xC m µ Elastic deformation Load N
Fig. 1 Effect of preload on elastic deformation due to load
Setting preload
The preload amount is determined by considering the characteristics of the machines and equipment on which the rolling guide is mounted and the nature of load acting on the roller guide. The standard mount of preload for linear motion rolling guides is, in general, approx.1 ā
3 of load when the rolling elements are balls (steel balls) andapprox.
1 ā
2 of load when they are rollers (cylindrical rollers). If the rolling guides arerequired to have very high rigidity to withstand vibration of fluctuating load, a larger preload may be applied. Cautions on Preload Selection Even when high rigidity must be obtained, excessive preload should be avoided, because it will produce an excessive stress between rolling elements and raceways, and eventually result in short life of rolling guides. It is important to apply a proper amount of preload, considering the operation conditions. When linear motion rolling guides must be used with a large preload. Linear Bushing and Stroke Rotary Bushing should never be given a large amount of preload. +44 (0)1246 455500 +44 (0)1246 455522