Group: NETZSCH
Catalog excerpts
Proven Excellence. Kinetics Neo Kinetic Analysis Software for Thermal Measurements of Chemical Reactions. Model-Free and Model-Based Methods Analyzing & Testing
Open the catalog to page 1Substances with well-defined properties can be converted into other substances with different properties by the chemical reactions of a set of reactants. Reactions can run their course within a fraction of a second, as with explosions, or can take thousands or even million of years, as with the formation of minerals. Kinetics, also called reaction kinetics or chemical kinetics, investigates the rates of chemical processes and allows for the determination of reaction rates. It also takes the factors that control these rates into consideration. Knowledge about points such as these can give...
Open the catalog to page 2can analyze any process for which the rate depends on temperature NETZSCH Kinetics Neo software is used to analyze kinetics of temperaturedependent chemical processes. The result of such analysis is a kinetics model or method correctly describing experimental data under different temperature conditions. Use of the method/model allows for predictions of a chemical system’s behavior under user-defined temperature conditions. Alternatively, such models can be used for process optimization. The software can analyze different types of thermal curves that depict the changes in a given material...
Open the catalog to page 3Model-Free Analysis r ws fo o allo el-free e od tics N Kine of both m ethods. dm se the u odel-base and m Starting Points for a Kinetic Analysis Each kinetic analysis requires a set of analytical measurements carried out under different temperature conditions. These can include dynamic test runs using different heating rates or isothermal measurements monitored at different temperatures. Even a combination of dynamic and isothermal measurements is suitable for kinetic studies. The Basics of Model-Free Analysis Model-free analysis allows for the determination of the activation energy of a...
Open the catalog to page 4There is No Assumption of the Reaction Type The Model-Free Analysis Methods – Advantages and Disadvantages The Friedman analysis is an isoconversional method whereas the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) and KissingerAkahira-Sunose (KAS) analyses are integral isoconversional methods. In all methods, the measurements are analyzed for multiple conversion levels. Friedman requires at least two measurements. In addition to two dynamic measurements, OFW and KAS require positive heating rates. The Numerical Optimization uses digital simulation in determining the activation energy and pre-exponential factor...
Open the catalog to page 5cs – es ineti g sed K advanta s a d del-B the Dis etho Mo s All nalysis M nate A Elimi del-Free Mo of Model-Based Kinetics for Comprehensive Analysis of Chemical Reactions The extraordinary model-based analysis was developed by NETZSCH. It uses powerful cutting-edge mathematical calculations to create the best kinetic model; the different kinetic models can then also be compared statistically. Therefore, this approach has none of the disadvantages which can be observed when using model-free methods. The Unique Model-Based Analysis The Model-Based Kinetic Analysis Is Based on Three...
Open the catalog to page 6Glass Transition Temperature Solid rubber lassy state Viscous liquid Solid glass Kinetics Neo Includes a Variety of Reaction Types Function in Kinetics Neo f = e f = e2 f = en f = 2e1/2 f = 3e2/3 f = 0.5/p f = -1 /ln(e) f = 1.5e2/3 /(1 - e1/3) f = 1.5/(e-1/3 - 1) f = e-p f = en-pa f = e-(1 + AutocatOrder-p) f = en-(1 + AutocatOrder-p) Type of Reaction Reaction of 1st order Reaction of 2nd order Reaction of nth order Two-dimensional phase boundary Three-dimensional phase boundary One-dimensional diffusion Two-dimensional diffusion Three-dimensional diffusion - Jander's type Three-dimensional...
Open the catalog to page 7This feature allows for the simulation of data once92 the experimental data is described by model-free or model-based kinetics. The temperature 91 0 20 40 60 Time profile can be calculated and optimized taking into account defined /min boundary conditions; e.g., constant or user-defined conversion rate, constant signal rate, temperature range and range of heating rates. The results depend on the chosen model-free or model-based method and its T3 T2 T1 parameters. Careful kinetic analysis of the experimental data is required prior to calculating the optimization (see column at right)....
Open the catalog to page 8What Makes Kinetics Neo So Valuable ... pL,basep ■ Completely rewritten from scratch, this innovative software is based on the latest technologies. ■ The improved user interface is fast and easy to operate. ■ All model-free and model-based methods are included. The results from all of these methods can be statistically compared with one another. ■ The powerful new numerical model-free method ensures fast determination of the best model-free solution. ■ Predictions and optimizations can be achieved by means of both model-free and model-based methods. ■ A visual kinetic model can be created...
Open the catalog to page 9Simulation for Reliable Predictions and Process If the glass transition occurs during the cross-linking of a thermoset, the reaction is divided into two areas which are dominated by different mechanisms: The part above the glass transition depends on the chemical reaction and can be described by the Arrhenius relation. In the vicinity of the glass transition, the diffusion-controlled mechanisms dominate the reaction behavior. Therefore, the reaction rate around the glass transition is influenced by both processes, requiring the kinetic model to be extended by the special diffusion control...
Open the catalog to page 109 K/min 5 K/min 2 K/min Mass loss Figure B: Optimization; Temperature profile for constant 91 rate 0.05%/min mass-loss 0 20 40 60 80 100 Time 300 400 /min Temperature /°C Conversion Conversion Mass loss Figure C: Prediction; Mass-loss behavior for a given temperature profile 0.3 T5 0.2 Figure C depicts the mass-loss prediction in a 5-zone tunnel kiln for a temperature program corresponding to the optimum zone temperatures for the polymer burnout during the emperatureproduction process. Mass loss Figure B shows the optimum temperature profile for the polymer burnout under laboratory...
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