Sensors & Instruments Solutions Guide - MINCO

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Choosing Sensor Elements

RTD element types

Platinum is the most widely specified RTD element type due to its wide temperature range, stability, and standardization between manufacturers. Copper, nickel, and nickel-iron can offer comparable accuracy at lower cost in many applications.


Element material	Temperature range	Benefits	Typical base resistance	Sensitivity (Avg. Q/°C, 0 to 100°C)	TCR Q/Q/°C
Platinum	-260 to 850°C (-436 to 1562°F)	• Greatest range • Best stability • Good linearity	100 Q at 0°C 1000 Q at 0°C	0.39 3.90	0.00375 to 0.003927
Copper	-100 to 260°C (-148 to 500°F)	• Best linearity	10 Q at25°C	0.04	0.00427
Nickel	-100 to 260°C (-148 to 500°F)	• Low cost • High sensitivity	100 Q at 0°C 120 Q at 0°C	0.62 0.81	0.00618 0.00672
Nickel-iron	-100 to 204°C (-148 to 400°F)	• Low cost • Highest sensitivity	604 Q at 0°C 1000 Q at 70°F 2000 Q at 70°F	3.13 4.79 9.58	0.00518 to 0.00527

RTD and thermistor interchangeability

The tables below show temperature tolerance — the allowable deviation from nominal curves — for RTDs and thermistors in this guide. Minco can supply sensors with tighter overall tolerance, or with the narrowest tolerance at a point other than 0°C.


Temperature °C	Interchangeability
	Platinum RTD
	0.06% at 0°C (Class A)	0.1% at 0°C (Class B)	0.22%at0°C	0.36% at 0°C	0.5% at 0°C	0.1% at 70°F	0.24% at 70°F
-200	±0.55°C	±1.3°C			±2.1°C
-100	±0.35°C	±0.8°C	±1.3°C		±1.7°C
0	±0.15°C	±0.3°C	±0.5°C	±0.9°C	±1.3°C	±0.3°C	±0.7°C
20	±0.19°C	±0.4°C	±0.7°C	±1.3°C	±1.6°C	±0.3°C	±0.6°C
100	±0.35°C	±0.8°C	±1.8°C	±2.3°C	±2.9°C	±0.7°C	±1.1°C
200	±0.55°C	±1.3°C	±3.1°C	±3.7°C	±4.4°C	±1.3°C	±1.8°C
260	±0.67°C	±1.6°C	±3.7°C	±4.6°C	±5.5°C
300	±0.75°C	±1.8°C
400	±0.95°C	±2.3°C
500	±1.15°C	±2.8°C
600	±1.35°C	±3.3°C
700		±3.8°C
800		±4.3°C
850		±4.6°C

Temperature

°C

Interchangeability

Copper RTD

Nickel RTD

Nickel-iron RTD

Thermistor

±0.2%

±0.5%

±0.3%

±0.5%

±0.26%

±0.5%

±0.12%

±0.25%

±0.1%

at 25°C

at 0°C

at 25°C

at 70°F

at 0°C

-100

±1.5°C

±2.2°C

±2.5°C

±2.9°C

±0.7°C

±1.5°C

±0.5°C

±0.8°C

±0.6°C

±1.1°C

±1.4°C

±0.5°C

±1.4°C

±0.2°C

±0.5°C

±1.3°C

±0.8°C

±1.2°C

±0.8°C

±1.4°C

±1.2°C

±0.3°C

±0.7°C

±0.2°C

100

±1.5°C

±2.5°C

±1.8°C

±2.2°C

±1.7°C

±2.4°C

±2.2°C

±1.1°C

±2.0°C

±0.3°C

150

±2.2°C

±3.3°C

±2.5°C

±3.0°C

±2.3°C

±3.1°C

±2.9°C

±1.6°C

±2.9°C

±1.0°C

200

±2.8°C

±4.1°C

±3.1°C

±3.7°C

±2.9°C

±3.8°C

±3.6°C

±2.1°C

±3.8°C

260

±3.6°C

±5.1°C

±3.4°C

±4.0°C

Thermocouple limits of error per ANSI-MC96.1-1982


Junction type:	E (Chromel-Constantan)	J (Iron-Constantan)	K (Chromel-Alumel)	T (Copper-Constantan)
Limits of error:	±1.7°Cor±0.5% 0 to 900°C	±2.2°C or ±0.75% 0 to 750°C	±2.2°C or ±0.75% 0 to 1250°C	±1.0°C or ±0.75% 0 to 350°C

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