| • Experimentation: Lay out a pattern with standard heaters and vary the power levels until temperature reaches the desired uniformity. Or, Minco can provide a custom heater with separately powered zones for prototyping. Minco will then reproduce the successful profile with a single element. • Finite Element Analysis (FEA): Although more expensive, FEA modeling of thermal systems can reduce the number of trials required to design a profiled heater. It may help to map the temperature resulting from uniform heat input (using a standard heater), then work backward in FEA to derive the profiled pattern. Tight uniformity goals may require more than one profiling iteration, and a given solution is optimized for only one set-point temperature. Other heater element options • Dual element for redundancy and/or warm-up and maintenance heating schemes • Non-magnetic alloys for inductance canceling • Dual layer constructions in order to provide higher resistance (ohms) in small areas or for added inductance canceling in element patterns Electrical termination |