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Glossary Glossary

AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) Algorithm for data encryption at 128 to 256-bit.Rijndael is the name for the algorithm behind AES that can encrypt and decrypt information. Packet Filtering A firewall based on accepting or rejecting incoming packets accordingto predefined rules or properties. PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) A user authentication protocol usuallyused for dial-up connections. Break-SafeProducts Products that will not inadvertently send a reset signal to aconsole port even when power is lost. CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) A user authenticationprotocol usually used for dial-up connections;more secure than PAP. Port Buffering Data transmitted via serial port can be stored to a local or remotefile for review later or as an audit trail of the activity to the connected equipment. Also referred to as port logging. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) An authentication andaccounting protocol that communicates with a central server. FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) Secretary of Commerce-approvedstandards and guidelines developed by NIST for federal computer systems. Secure Shell (SSH v1 and v2) A secure transport protocol based on public-keycryptography. HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) A protocol used to transferinformation on the Web using public-key cryptography.See SSL. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) A protocol that systemadministrators use to monitor networks and connected devices. In-Band Uses the existing network for communications and management information. KERBEROS A network authentication protocol that provides strong authenticationfor client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) A protocol that provides encryption services between aweb server and a web browser,using public-key cryptography. LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) A set of protocols for accessinginformation directories;used to authenticate users. Stealth Mode A security feature that does not respond to PING or to networkrequests for unused ports.Discourages port scans and network probes. NEBS (Network Equipment Building Systems) Product reliability standard fortelecommunications equipment. TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) Used to transfer files over the Internet.Insecure,and does not guarantee reliable delivery of information. NIS (Network Information System) Developed by Sun Microsystems to distributeuser and host names among computers on a network. Turtle Mode A security feature that locks out a user account for a predeterminedamount of time after successive login failures.Discourages dictionary attacks. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) A non-regulatory federalagency created to develop and promote measurement,standards and technology to enhance productivity and facilitate trade. UPS Systems (Un-interruptible Power Supply) - A power supply that includes a battery to maintain power in the event of a power outage.Typically keeps a computer running for several minutes after a power outage,so data that is in RAM can be saved and the computer shuts down gracefully. Out-of-Band Uses a separate connection method other than the primary network,such as a dial-up or backup network for managing equipment. PBX Systems (Private Branch Exchange) A private telephone network used withinan enterprise.