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Solar inverter, Battery, Photovoltaic solar panel, Solar panel, Power supply
Text version of the page
G
LOSSARY 48 Battery Cell: The simplest operating unit in a storage battery;one or more positive electrodes,an electrolyte that permits ionicconduction,one or more negative electrodes,and separators enclosed in a single container. Battery Cycle Life: The number of cycles to a specified depth of discharge a battery can undergo before efficiency is affected. Battery Life: The period when a battery is operating above specific efficiency levels.Measured in either cycles or years,depending on intended use. Blocking Diode: A semiconductor device,allowing current to flow in only one direction,used in photovoltaic systems to permitthe flow of electricity from the photovoltaic array to a battery,but preventing a reverse flow of energy from the batteries to thephotovoltaic system,which could damage the system. British Thermal Unit (BTU): Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit:2.93 x 10-4 kWh;1054.8 J (joules) Bypass Diode: A diode that is connected,reverse bias,across the PV module.Used in high voltage systems to bypass a shadedor malfunctioning module. Cathodic Protection and Pipelines: A method of preventing oxidation (rusting) of exposed or buried metal structures such asbridges,by imposing between the structure and the ground a small electrical voltage that opposes the flow of electrons,and is greater than the voltage that is present during oxidation. Cell: See PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL. Cell Efficiency: The ratio of output electrical energy to the input solar energy falling on a solar cell times 100.This is usuallydetermined by shining a simulated AM 1 light source of 100-MW/cm
2 intensity over the entire surface of the cell and relatingthe wattage output to the total input. Collector: Usually referred to in solar energy as a device that absorbs energy from the sun to convert it into either thermal orelectrical energy. Collector Efficiency: This is determined by the ratio of energy produced by a solar collector to the radiant energy incident onthe collector. Concentrator: A photovoltaic array which includes an optical component such as a lens or focusing mirror to direct incidentsunlight onto a solar cell of smaller area. Controller: The device which controls the flow of electricity from the array to the batteries.Prevents the batteries from beingovercharged or over discharged. Conversion Efficiency (Cell): The ratio of the electric energy produced by a solar cell (under full sun conditions) to the energyfrom sunlight incident upon the cell. Counter EMF (CEMF) Cell: A device used to reduce EMF (electromotive force,voltage),typically consisting of a series/paralleldiode arrangement. Current: The rate of flow of an electric charge. DC/DC Converter: A device used to convert direct current of one voltage into direct current of another voltage. Deep Discharge: Discharging a battery to 20 percent or less of its full charge. Deep Discharge Cycles: Cycles in which a battery is nearly completely discharged. Depth of Discharge (DOD): The number of ampere-hours withdrawn from a fully charged battery,stated as a percentage ofrated capacity.
KYOCERASolar Industrial Products Catalog • April 2006
LOSSARY 48 Battery Cell: The simplest operating unit in a storage battery;one or more positive electrodes,an electrolyte that permits ionicconduction,one or more negative electrodes,and separators enclosed in a single container. Battery Cycle Life: The number of cycles to a specified depth of discharge a battery can undergo before efficiency is affected. Battery Life: The period when a battery is operating above specific efficiency levels.Measured in either cycles or years,depending on intended use. Blocking Diode: A semiconductor device,allowing current to flow in only one direction,used in photovoltaic systems to permitthe flow of electricity from the photovoltaic array to a battery,but preventing a reverse flow of energy from the batteries to thephotovoltaic system,which could damage the system. British Thermal Unit (BTU): Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit:2.93 x 10-4 kWh;1054.8 J (joules) Bypass Diode: A diode that is connected,reverse bias,across the PV module.Used in high voltage systems to bypass a shadedor malfunctioning module. Cathodic Protection and Pipelines: A method of preventing oxidation (rusting) of exposed or buried metal structures such asbridges,by imposing between the structure and the ground a small electrical voltage that opposes the flow of electrons,and is greater than the voltage that is present during oxidation. Cell: See PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL. Cell Efficiency: The ratio of output electrical energy to the input solar energy falling on a solar cell times 100.This is usuallydetermined by shining a simulated AM 1 light source of 100-MW/cm
2 intensity over the entire surface of the cell and relatingthe wattage output to the total input. Collector: Usually referred to in solar energy as a device that absorbs energy from the sun to convert it into either thermal orelectrical energy. Collector Efficiency: This is determined by the ratio of energy produced by a solar collector to the radiant energy incident onthe collector. Concentrator: A photovoltaic array which includes an optical component such as a lens or focusing mirror to direct incidentsunlight onto a solar cell of smaller area. Controller: The device which controls the flow of electricity from the array to the batteries.Prevents the batteries from beingovercharged or over discharged. Conversion Efficiency (Cell): The ratio of the electric energy produced by a solar cell (under full sun conditions) to the energyfrom sunlight incident upon the cell. Counter EMF (CEMF) Cell: A device used to reduce EMF (electromotive force,voltage),typically consisting of a series/paralleldiode arrangement. Current: The rate of flow of an electric charge. DC/DC Converter: A device used to convert direct current of one voltage into direct current of another voltage. Deep Discharge: Discharging a battery to 20 percent or less of its full charge. Deep Discharge Cycles: Cycles in which a battery is nearly completely discharged. Depth of Discharge (DOD): The number of ampere-hours withdrawn from a fully charged battery,stated as a percentage ofrated capacity.
KYOCERASolar Industrial Products Catalog • April 2006