ASHLAND Corrosion Chronicle 2010
8Pages

The Corrosion Chronicle In this issue • ATEA builds scrubber for pharmaceutical company • Corrosion barrier composition • Outotec chooses LEPSA and Derakane for sulfuric acid facility FRP: The enlightened choice for bleach storage continued on page 2 Fall 2010 The global market for sodium hypochlorite is nearly two billion metric tons (4.4 trillion lbs) on a 100 percent chlorine basis, growing at about two percent annually. North America alone consumes more than 15 trillion pounds (6.8 million metric tons) of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) on a 10 percent chlorine basis. About two thirds of that sum is used in the form of laundry detergent. The remainder goes into disinfectant applications – most notably water and wastewater treatment. Bleach is a rapidly growing alternative to chlorine in water treatment and has increasingly become an essential component in large-scale wastewater treatment and drinking water purification the world over. Chlorine and bleach have long competed in water purification, paper bleaching and other applications. Legislation for the safe handling of chlorine is strongly influencing users to make the switch to sodium hypochlorite. In the U.S., the practice of shipping chlorine by rail has now come under serious scrutiny by the Department of Homeland Security. Bleach, in contrast, is a common liquid that poses considerably less concern. In fact, the Clorox Company announced recently that it would stop making bleach from shipped chlorine. Instead the company will purchase high-strength bleach (15 percent) and dilute it down to household strength (six percent). Similarly, responding to public concern over the shipping of chlorine, Olin Corporation has now developed a fleet of 300 rail cars specifically designed to carry concentrated bleach as a less hazardous alternative.

2 | Corrosion Chronicle The movement away from bulk chlorine rail shipments is causing an upsurge in the regional production, distribution and storage of concentrated sodium hypochlorite. The Clorox announcement alone will affect operations at seven of its nine facilities in the U.S. Clorox is the leading global sodium hypochlorite bleach provider to the household laundry and bleaching sector with 27 bleach plants in 19 countries. Derek Stone, sales manager with ZCL Composites outlines a similar opportunity with K2 Pure. “With increasing regulations and safety concerns, the transportation...

Fall 2010 | 3 and the inside tank wall. These outlet fittings add considerable cost to the polyethylene storage tank, which tends to negate their cost advantage over more durable materials of construction. There is a perception in the market that FRP storage tanks are more expensive than polyethylene. While initial procurement costs may be less for smaller polyethylene tanks in mild service with standard fittings, this assumption does not hold true for more aggressive service, moderate volumes, userspecified customization, and the ability to maintain equipment for longer periods of time...

4 | Corrosion Chronicle One of the world’s leading producers of pharmaceutical products recently invested $175 million to build a new plant in Changshu, China, for the production of intermediates for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). The plant was put in operation in 2009. The production of API’s often leads to hazardous waste gas, which must to be treated in waste gas treatment units. Organic waste gas is typically combusted at high temperatures. The resulting flue gas at 300 degrees C, containing HCl, Cl2 and CO2, is then cooled in a quench tower and ultimately treated in a...

Fall 2010 | 5 Outotec chooses LEPSA and Derakane for sulphuric acid plant Votorantim Metais, one of the 10 largest zinc metal producers in the world and the largest zinc producer in Latin America recently invested $500 million in their Cajamarquilla Refinery in order to increase production of refined zinc from 160 thousand to 320 thousand tons per year. The investment will also allow Votorantim to increase production of metallic Indium, a high value-added metal, to 72 tons annually. The Cajamarquilla mineral processing facility is located in the Lurigancho-Chosica district near Lima, Peru....

6 | Corrosion Chronicle Corrosion barrier design Michael Jaeger and Don Kelley The corrosion barrier is a critical component of fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) designed for service in chemical environments. It is a sacrificial layer, so its thickness can often be directly related to the service life of the FRP part. A number of standards have been written to specify the minimum requirements for the thickness and composition of a corrosion barrier for service in liquid chemical environments. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of existing standards and how they impact...

Fall 2010 | 7 As can be seen in the table above, all the standards except for two require a minimum corrosion barrier thickness of at least 2.5mm (100 mils). If the veil layer is 0.25 mm (10 mils) thick, the chopped glass fiber stand layer must be at least 2.25 mm (90 mils) thick. If chopped strand mat is being used, the total thickness of the mats must be at least 2.25 mm (90 mils) thick. When using chopped strand mat, the thickness can vary depending on the supplier. Therefore, it is important to measure the actual thickness of the corrosion barrier after the resin has cured. This can be...

Corrosion Chronicle is published by Ashland Inc. and reports the many ways professional fabricators tell us they are using Derakane epoxy vinyl ester resins to manufacture corrosion resistant reinforced plastic (fiberglass) applications. For additional technical product information on Derakane resins, visit www.derakane.com or send an email to Derakane@Ashland.com. You can also contact your Ashland representative at Ashland Composite Polymers, P.O. Box 2219, Columbus, OH 43216, 614.790.4059. Address all news items to: Corrosion Chronicle Editor, Ashland Communications, P.O. Box 2219,...